Tractate — Chapter 3
Tractate — Chapter 3Middle High German + EnglishAbout this edition
Dô got die sêle beschuof, dô greif er in sich selber unde machte sî nâch sîner glîchnüsse. Dâ von sprichet meister Eckehart von Parîs: got hât niht beschaffen, daz im glîch sî, dan die sêle. Wan als gote niemen keine gestalt geben mag, alsô mac man ouch der sêle keine gestalt geben, und als got unteclîch ist, alsô hât er ouch die sêle unteclîch beschaffen. Wan sô diu sêle an zîtlîchen dingen niht hanget und ist an dem geiste ûfgenomen und ist götlîchen dingen nâhe zuotretende, sô vermac si grôziu dinc, unde mich wundert, daz diu sêle sô vil glîchnüsse mit gote hât unde hât ouch grôzen adel, unde daz si dannoch halt nâch ir art ein sô kreftigez wort niht sprechen mac alse got. Über daz sprechent etlîche meister, ez sî des schult: waz in gote wesentlich ist, daz enist in der sêle niht wesentlich, unde daz got sîn selbes wesen ist, daz hât er von im selber. Aber waz diu sêle ist, daz hât si von gote und ist alsô von im ûz geflozzen, daz si an dem wesen niht ist enblichen, sunder si hât ein frömdez wesen enpfangen, daz sînen ursprunc von dem götlîchen wesen genomen hât. Dar umbe mac si gote niht glîch würken: wan als got alliu dinc beweget in himel und in erden und allen dingen daz leben gît, alsô beweget diu sêle den lîcham unde gît im daz leben in allen geliden, daz er mac sehen, hoeren, grîfen, reden unde gên, wie wol si mit ir gedanken anderswâ ist. Dâ von sprichet Gregorius: kein sihtic dinc mac niht gesehen werden dan durch ein unsihtigez, wan daz ouge sæhe kein lîplich dinc, ez habe danne ein unlîplich dinc, daz ez scherfe ze sehenne. Dar umbe nim hin den geist, daz ist diu sêle, die man niht siht, sô ist daz ouge umbe sus offen, daz vor gesehen hât. Wan got hât die sêle geformet an im unde mit im und in im von der zît, in der zît unde nâch der zît, wan kein sêle enmac in got niht komen, si werde dan ê got, als si got was, ê si in got geschaffen wart. Und in got enmac kein dinc vallen, daz got niht enist, und als diu sêle in got ist, alsô ist si ouch got und ist in got getragen ûf sîm êwigen worte. Wan diu sêle ist ein mitel zwischen gote unde der crêatûre und ist an den anvanc und an daz ende des obristen gesetzet und berüeret ordenlîche erkantnüsse unde den trôst, den ir die engel von gote bringent. Wan sô si mêr den nidristen kreften der fünf sinne anhanget dan den obristen, dâ von si himelischiu dinc erkennet, sô wirt si unedel unde grob. Wan der lust, den diu sêle an der crêatûre hât, an dem hât got deheinen lust, unde swenne si daz reht erkante, si verwurfe allen lust, in dem got niht wære.
Die wile diu sêle noch hie in slâfe ist, sô trîbet si die engel von ir und enmac der crêatûre dienst niht mêr lîden unde begrîfet sich alleine mit got. Dâ von sprichet sant Augustînus: diu sêle ist edeler, sterker unde grœzer dan alle crêatûre, aber die engel sint in ir nâtûre edeler dar umbe, daz sie des êrsten von dem geiste gotes geflozzen sint, von dem sie ir enthalt habent. Ouch sprichet Gregorius: der sêle, der got alsô erschienen ist, daz si in etwas erkennet, der sint alle crêatûre ze enge unde ze nihte worden. Wan sô die obristen krefte der sêle gote stêtelîche anhangent, sô beweget si ouch die nidristen krefte alsô, swaz an in geschiht daz kumet mit erkantnüsse an die obristen. Dar umbe heizet diu oberiste kraft der sêle ein lieht, daz niemer erlischet, durch die erkantnüsse der sêle, die si in der kraft hât. Wan swie verre ir kraft von got gefüeret wirt, dannoch erkennet si got alwege. Dar umbe enmac ir kraft niemer sô gar erleschet werden, si brinne dannoch alwege etwaz, in der si der sêle schaden künde tuon, ob si halt in der sünde geistlich tôt ist, daz si wizze wider lebende ze werden und ûf ze stên mit wârer riuwe unde buoze.
When God created the soul, he reached into himself and made her according to his likeness. Therefore Master Eckhart of Paris says: God has created nothing that is like him except the soul. For just as no one can give God any form, so neither can one give the soul any form; and just as God is indivisible, so he also created the soul indivisible. For when the soul does not cling to temporal things, is taken up in the spirit, and draws near to divine things, she is capable of great things. And I marvel that the soul has so much likeness to God and also such great nobility, and yet, according to her nature, cannot speak a word as powerful as God. Concerning this some masters say that the reason is this: what is essential in God is not essential in the soul, and that God is his own being he has from himself. But what the soul is, she has from God, and she has flowed forth from him in such a way that she has not remained in that being, but has received an alien being that has taken its origin from divine being. Therefore she cannot work like God. For just as God moves all things in heaven and on earth and gives life to all things, so the soul moves the body and gives it life in all its members, so that it can see, hear, grasp, speak, and walk, although she may be elsewhere in her thoughts. Therefore Gregory says: no visible thing can be seen except through something invisible; for the eye would see no bodily thing unless it had something incorporeal that sharpens it for seeing. Therefore take away the spirit, that is, the soul, which one does not see, and the eye is open in vain, though before it saw. For God has formed the soul on him, with him, and in him from time, in time, and after time; for no soul can come into God unless she first becomes God, as she was God before she was created in God. And nothing can enter into God that is not God; and as the soul is in God, so she too is God and is borne in God upon his eternal Word. For the soul is a means between God and creature, and is set at the beginning and at the end of the highest, and in due order touches knowledge and the consolation that the angels bring her from God. For if she clings more to the lowest powers of the five senses than to the highest, through which she knows heavenly things, she becomes ignoble and coarse. For God takes no pleasure in the pleasure the soul has in creatures; and if she truly knew this, she would reject every pleasure in which God were not.
As long as the soul is still here in sleep, she drives the angels from herself and can no longer endure the service of creatures, but concerns herself with God alone. Therefore Saint Augustine says: the soul is nobler, stronger, and greater than all creatures; but the angels are nobler in their nature because they first flowed from the Spirit of God, from whom they have their sustenance. Gregory also says: for the soul to whom God has appeared in such a way that she knows him in something, all creatures have become too narrow and as nothing. For when the highest powers of the soul cling steadfastly to God, she also moves the lower powers in such a way that whatever happens to them comes with knowledge to the highest powers. Therefore the highest power of the soul is called a light that never goes out, because of the knowledge that the soul has in that power. For however far her power is led away from God, she nevertheless always knows God. Therefore her power can never be so completely extinguished that something does not still burn in it, in which harm might be done to the soul; even if she is spiritually dead in sin, she knows how to become alive again and rise with true contrition and penance.
Hie ist ein vrâge, obe diu sêle mit ir eigen kreften ir hœhste sêlikeit begrîfen müge? Zuo dem sprechent die vier lêrer Thomas, Egidius, Heinricus und Albertus, hiete diu sêle ir eigen verstendikeit an bildnüsse, als si ir wesen hât, sô möhte si ir hœhste sêlikeit begrîfen, wan si ist ein unmêzlîchiu mâze, die got mit nihte erfüllen mac dan mit im selber. Ouch sprichet sant Augustînus: hiete diu sêle ir eigen nâtürlîchen adel âne mitel gegenwürtic, sô wære si ir selbes eigen mêr dan alle crêatûre in ir nâtûre, dar în si geordent ist. Wan got ist ein geist unde vergeistet die sêle und ist in ir geistlîchem eigen über alle crêatûre geordent, dâ von si der crêatûre mac genuoc sîn in dem ebenbilde der êwigen wârheit, daz sich âne mitel in ir erbildet. Nû ist aber ein frâge: in welcher mâze got in die sêle kome, sît er doch wesentlich in ir ist und si mit sîme wesentlichen werke enthaltet unde wesen unde leben in ir würket? Über daz sprechent etlîche lêrer, daz got drîvelticlîchen in die sêle kome. Des êrsten mit sîner gnâde, durch die der mensche erfröuwet wirt unde lust gewinnet, alle tugende zuo erfüllen, unde hât ein begern, daz im daz von keiner crêatûre niemer benomen werde. Des andern mâles kumt got in die sêle mit lûterer erkantnüsse, in der sich der mensche geschouwet unde lernet sich selber erkennen, daz er gote in allen dingen genuoc sî, dar în er in ziuhet, ez sî lîden oder versuochunge geistlich oder lîplich. Zem dritten mâle kumt got in die sêle mit rehter frîheit, dâ mit er den menschen friet von allen sorgen des lebens. Dar umbe sol in diu sêle enpfâhen unde sol sich an niemen genüegen lâzen dan an im alleine. Der mensche ist nâch dem obristen teil sînes inwendigen menschen, der sêle, gote glîcher dan allen crêatûren, und wie wol er nâtürlich mêr mit der crêatûre ist, sô ist er doch nâch der vernunft gote glîcher denne kein crêatûre. Wan sô diu sêle nâch der art irs vermügens unde nâch der eigenschaft irs wesennes vernünfticlîchen in got ruowet, sô werdent ir alliu dinc als eigen, als ob sie durch ander dinge willen niht beschaffen wæren dan alleine durch ir willen. Und in dem teil lîdent sî alle crêatûre unde sint ir undertân, als obe sie von ir beschaffen wæren. Wan in dér kraft wâren die vogel Franciscô undertân und hôrten sîne predie. Ez was ouch in dér kraft Daniel begâbet unde hielt sich alleine gotes, dô er under den lewen saz. In dér kraft ist ouch der heiligen üebunge gewesen, die ir lîden alsô ûf nâmen, daz ez in in grôzer minne kein lîden was. Ûf daz sprichet Dionysius: diu sêle sol sich sô reine machen, daz si in volkomenheit erliuhtet werde, daz si den engeln glîch werde und enpfâhe daz von gnâden, daz die engele nû von nâtûre besizzen habent. Wan diu sêle wirt dar zuo niht volbrâht, dar zuo si beschaffen ist, si enwerde dan glîch den engeln, in den dehein sünde ist. Unt dar umbe, daz diu sêle von dem himel ist (daz ist von got, der ein himel der sêle ist) unde der lîcham von der erden, sô sint sie alwege wider einander. Dar umbe muoz diu sêle, diu ze gote wider komen wil, von dannen si ist geflozzen, alliu dinc lâzen unde fliehen, diu gotes niht ensint noch zuo gote niht enwîsent. Wan alliu bildnisse unde glîchnisse, als Dionysius sprichet, hât got des êrsten in die nidristen engele îngedrücket, daz sie danne daz götlîche lieht unde den trôst gotes in die sêle drücken, daz si komen müge in ir einigez ein, daz got ist, dâ nie dehein crêatûre în blicken noch sehen mohte.
Die lêrer sprechent, daz der sêle sêlikeit an dem grœzer sî, sô got in ir sich selber birt âne lîplîche einunge, dan der lîcham Kristî âne sîne gotheit und âne sîne sêle. Wan ein ieglîchiu sêligiu sêle ist edeler dan der tœtlîche lîcham Kristî, wan diu inwendige geburt gotes in der sêle ist ein volbringunge aller ir sêlikeit, wan diu sêlikeit frumt ir mêr dan daz Kristus mensche wart, unt daz enmöhte der sêle niht nütze sîn âne die vereinunge gotes. Dâ von sprichet Dionysius: diu sêlikeit ist ein inblîben mit gote, alsô daz in diu sêle mêr gegenwürtic habe dan sich selber, unde diu sêle begrîfet got aller eigenlîchest, sô si mit eime fridelîchen herzen zuo im loufet. Wan in dem fride ist sîn stat unde hât uns in dem fride zuo sînen kinden erwelt. Wan als got in dem gestirnten und umbeloufenden himel ein beweger ist, alsô ist er ouch hie in der sêle ein beweger der frîheit unsers willen zuo im selber unde zuo allen guoten dingen, in dem si geschouwen mac daz lieht in dem liehte unde vereinet werden mag in dem liehte mit dem liehte. Wan die lêrer sprechent, daz nâch eigener nâtûre die engel in dem himel edeler sîn danne diu sêle Kristî oder Marien: wan sie sint gote glîcher an wesenne denne diu sêle. Aber diu sêle Kristî hât von ir verdienen mêr fröuden danne alle engel habent und ist gote nêher denne kein engel. Alsô ist ez ouch von der sêle Marien, aber niht nâtürlich, wan von nâtûre sô ist diu sêle Kristî unde Marien als mîn sêle oder eins andern menschen sêle. Ouch sprechent die lêrer, daz diu sêle in dem menschen mêr dan tûsentvelticlîchen ist und ist ganz in eime ieglîchen gelide, in den vingern, in den ougen, in dem herzen und in eime ieglîchen teil aller gelide grôzer und kleiner. Alsô in dem ahten himel, an dem sô vil sterne stênt, ist ein engel, der den selben himel umbe trîbet, und ist in eime ieglîchen sterne ganzer. Wan dô got den êrsten menschen beschuof, dô ordente er in alsô, daz dekein krankeit in in vallen mohte, wan ein guldîniu ketene wol geordenter schickunge gie von der drîvaltikeit in die obristen krefte der sêle unde durchgie ouch ir nidristen krefte, daz sie den obristen gehôrsam wâren, dâ von kein suht der krankeit weder in lîp noch in sêle vallen mohte, unz daz er daz gebot übergie. Dar umbe ist diu sêle nâch den obristen kreften ein geist unde nâch den nidristen ein sêle, und alsô ist ein strik zwischen der sêle unt dem geiste in dem einigen wesen.
Here is a question: can the soul grasp her highest blessedness with her own powers? On this the four teachers Thomas, Giles, Henry, and Albert say: if the soul possessed her own intellect in image-form as she possesses her being, she could grasp her highest blessedness, for she is an immeasurable measure that God can fill with nothing but himself. Saint Augustine also says: if the soul had her own natural nobility present without means, she would be more her own than all creatures in their nature, into which she is ordered. For God is a spirit and spiritualizes the soul and is ordered above all creatures in her spiritual nature, whereby she can suffice for the creature in the image of eternal truth that images itself in her without means. But now there is another question: in what manner does God come into the soul, since he is essentially in her and sustains her by his essential work and works being and life in her? Concerning this some teachers say that God comes into the soul in three ways. First, with his grace, through which the person is gladdened and gains delight in fulfilling all virtues, and has a desire that this never be taken from him by any creature. Secondly, God comes into the soul with pure knowledge, in which the person beholds himself and learns to know himself, so that he may be sufficient to God in all things into which God draws him, whether suffering or temptation, spiritual or bodily. Thirdly, God comes into the soul with true freedom, by which he frees the person from all the cares of life. Therefore the soul should receive him and let herself be satisfied by no one but him alone. According to the highest part of his inward man, the soul, the human being is more like God than all creatures; and although by nature he is more with the creature, according to the intellect he is nevertheless more like God than any creature. For when the soul, according to the manner of her capacity and the property of her being, rests intellectually in God, all things become as her own, as though they had not been created for the sake of other things but for her alone. In that part all creatures bear her and are subject to her, as though they had been created by her. In this power the birds were subject to Francis and listened to his preaching. Daniel too was endowed in this power and held himself to God alone when he sat among the lions. In this power also was the practice of the saints, who took their sufferings upon themselves in such a way that in their great love it was no suffering to them. Concerning this Dionysius says: the soul should make herself so pure that she may be perfectly illuminated, become like the angels, and receive by grace what the angels now possess by nature. For the soul is not brought to that for which she was created unless she becomes like the angels, in whom there is no sin. And because the soul is from heaven (that is, from God, who is a heaven of the soul), while the body is from the earth, they are always opposed to one another. Therefore the soul that wishes to return to God, from whom she has flowed, must leave and flee all things that are not God and do not point to God. For all images and likenesses, as Dionysius says, God first impressed into the lower angels, so that they in turn impress the divine light and God’s consolation into the soul, that she may come into her single One, which is God, where no creature has ever been able to look in or see.
The teachers say that the soul’s blessedness is greater when God begets himself in her without bodily union than the body of Christ would be without his Godhead and without his soul. For every blessed soul is nobler than the mortal body of Christ, because the inward birth of God in the soul is the fulfillment of all her blessedness; blessedness benefits her more than Christ’s becoming human, and that could not profit the soul without union with God. Therefore Dionysius says: blessedness is an abiding with God, so that the soul has him more present than herself; and the soul grasps God most properly when she runs to him with a peaceful heart. For in peace is his place, and in peace he has chosen us as his children. For just as God is a mover in the starry and revolving heaven, so here in the soul he is a mover of the freedom of our will toward himself and toward all good things, in which she may behold light in light and may be united in light with light. For the teachers say that according to their own nature the angels in heaven are nobler than the soul of Christ or of Mary, because in being they are more like God than the soul. But the soul of Christ, by her merit, has more joy than all the angels have and is nearer to God than any angel. So it is also with the soul of Mary, but not by nature; for by nature the soul of Christ and of Mary is like my soul or another human being’s soul. The teachers also say that the soul is present in the human being more than a thousandfold and is whole in every member—in the fingers, in the eyes, in the heart, and in every part of all the members, great and small. So too, in the eighth heaven, in which so many stars stand, there is an angel who drives that same heaven around and is whole in every star. When God created the first human being, he ordered him so that no sickness could fall upon him, for a golden chain of well-ordered disposition went from the Trinity into the highest powers of the soul and also passed through her lower powers, so that they were obedient to the highest; therefore no disease of sickness could fall upon either body or soul until he transgressed the commandment. Therefore, according to the highest powers, the soul is a spirit, and according to the lower powers, a soul; and thus there is a bond between soul and spirit in the one being.
Man sol ouch wizzen, daz in der sêle ein kraft ist, diu tac noch naht ruowe hât unde fliuzet ûz dem geiste und ist ganz geistlîch, und in der kraft ist got ganz blüejende unde grüenende in allen den fröuden und êren, als er in im selber ist. Wan dâ ist sô gar herzenlîchiu fröude unde sô grôz frôlocken, daz si weder mit gedanken mac begrîfen werden noch mit worten ûz gesprochen. Wan wære der mensche in der kraft alwege vereinet, der selbe mensche möhte niht alt werden. Ich spriche mêr, und solte ein mensche niuwan einen ougenblik in der kraft die wunne unde fröude sehen, diu dar inne ist, unde solte er alliu dinc lîden, daz wære im ein genuohtsamiu fröude.
Dar umbe sol diu sêle von gote vier eigenschaft nemen in der kraft irre verstendekeit. Daz êrste ist ganziu sicherheit, sich frî ze vinden von aller crêatûre und abe ze treten, die got an ir niht haben wil. Daz ander, daz si von gote ganzen nutz in ir wonunge habe in der kraft der minne. Daz dritte, daz si von gote eine ganze huote habe, dâ von ir alle crêatûre niht schaden mügent. Daz vierde, daz si in der kraft alle ir vîende überwinden sol. Wan in daz der sun gotes gebildet ist, nâch dem ist diu sêle gebildet, und in dem der sun nimt, in dem nimt diu sêle, wan daz si an dem niht enhanget, dâ der sun von dem vater ûz fliuzet. Fiwer unde hitze ist einz, smecken unde gestalt ist einz unde sint doch verre von einander. Daz wort, daz got êwicliche sprichet, daz lît sô verborgen in der sêle, daz man ez weder wizzen noch hoeren mac. Dâ von sprichet Dionysius: diu sêle hât ein glîchnüsse des influzzes in der gotheit, dâ die obristen krefte der sêle unde diu nâtûre ein eigenschaft tragent, alsô daz ein ieglîchiu kraft in die andern fliuzet. Dar umbe, wil diu sêle ein geist werden, sô sol si irn gang in die êwikeit haben irs wesens unde sol mit flîze betrahten, daz si von der gâbe gotes ein unzerganclichiu nâtûre ist, der müglich ist ze komen zuo der êwigen sêlikeit. Und wan der geist dem unwandelbæren gote an hanget, sô mac sî weder tôt noch leben, tiefe noch hœhe, engel noch mensche noch kein crêatûre von gote in ir stêtikeit ûf loesen: wan diu sêle, diu in got stirbet, diu wirt ouch in im begraben, dâ von si aller crêatûre unerkant wirt, als ir got unerkant ist. Ûf daz sprichet Dionysius: wenne diu sêle die grœze der mehtikeit gotes an siht unde dâ neben ir kleinheit, sô wirfet si sich ûz ir selber und ûz aller crêatûre unde blîbet ûf ir blôzem nihte unde diu gotheit enthaltet sî in ir kraft unde blîbet alleine in der gnâde gotes. Wan got ist im selber in allen dingen und ist eime ieglîchen dinge ganz in allen dingen. Alsô sol diu sêle sîn: waz got von nâtûre ist, daz sol si von gnâden sîn unde sol abegescheiden unde ledig aller crêatûre sîn unde sol gote alliu dinc lâzen, als obe sie niht enwæren. Und waz an einer solhen sêle lebet, daz ist allez got: wan der ungeschaffen geist ziuhet die sêle in ir erkantnüsse, daz si allen dingen ein geist wirt und alliu dinc sint ir ein geist, als si der heilige geist êwiclichen gegeistet hât. Ûf daz sprichet meister Vincentius: der geist, der abegescheidenlîchen stêt, des adel ist alse grôz, swaz er beschouwet, daz ist wâr, unde swaz er wil, des ist er gewert, unde swaz er gebiutet, des muoz man ime gehôrsam sîn.
One should also know that in the soul there is a power that has rest neither day nor night and flows from the spirit and is entirely spiritual; and in this power God is wholly blossoming and greening in all the joys and honors, as he is in himself. For there is such heartfelt joy and such great rejoicing that it can neither be grasped in thought nor expressed in words. If a person were always united in this power, that person could not grow old. I say more: if a person were to see only for a single instant the delight and joy that is in this power, and then had to suffer all things, it would be a sufficient joy for him.
Therefore the soul should take four properties from God in the power of her intellect. The first is complete assurance: to find herself free of every creature and to withdraw from whatever God does not wish to have in her. The second is that she should have from God complete benefit in her dwelling, in the power of love. The third is that she should have complete protection from God, so that no creature can harm her. The fourth is that in this power she should overcome all her enemies. For into that in which the Son of God is formed, the soul is formed according to him; and in that in which the Son receives, the soul receives, except that she does not participate in that in which the Son flows forth from the Father. Fire and heat are one; savoring and form are one, and yet they are far apart. The Word that God speaks eternally lies so hidden in the soul that one can neither know nor hear it. Therefore Dionysius says: the soul has a likeness of the inflow in the Godhead, where the highest powers of the soul and nature bear one property, so that each power flows into the others. Therefore, if the soul wishes to become a spirit, her course should be into the eternity of her being, and she should diligently consider that by the gift of God she is an imperishable nature capable of coming to eternal blessedness. And when the spirit clings to the unchanging God, neither death nor life, depth nor height, angel nor human being nor any creature can loosen her from God in her steadfastness; for the soul that dies in God is also buried in him, and therefore she becomes unknown to all creatures, as her God is unknown. Concerning this Dionysius says: when the soul beholds the greatness of God’s might and beside it her own littleness, she casts herself out of herself and out of all creatures and remains upon her bare nothing, and the Godhead holds her in its power, and she remains solely in the grace of God. For God is in himself in all things and is wholly in each thing in all things. So should the soul be: what God is by nature, she should be by grace; she should be detached and free of all creatures and should leave all things to God as though they did not exist. And whatever lives in such a soul is all God, for the uncreated Spirit draws the soul into her knowledge, so that she becomes one spirit with all things and all things are one spirit to her, as the Holy Spirit has eternally spiritualized her. Concerning this Master Vincentius says: the spirit that stands in detachment has such great nobility that whatever it beholds is true, whatever it wills is granted to it, and whatever it commands must be obeyed.
Man sol ouch wizzen, swenne der frîe geist in rehter abegescheidenheit stêt von allen dingen, sô twinget er got zuo sîme wesen, unde möhte ez formelîche âne zuoval bestên, sô nême er gotes eigenschaft ganz an sich. Aber daz enmac got niemen geben dan im selber, dar umbe mag im got niht mêr tuon danne daz er sich im selber gebe, und ein solcher mensche wirt als verre in die êwikeit erhaben, daz in kein zîtlich dinc bewegen mac, daz er iht lîpliches enpfinde, unde heizet der welte tôt, dâ von Paulus sprichet ‘ich lebe niht, mêr: Kristus lebet in mir.’ Dâ von sprichet ouch Dionysius alsô: in gote sterben ist niht anders danne ein unbeschaffen leben, daz got selber ist, unde heizet danne niht ein sêle, mêr: diu obriste kraft gotes, dar umbe, daz er sînen willen mit ir würken mac. Und waz die fünf sinne von einer solhen sêle nement, daz gît si allez dem innern menschen, sô er etwaz hôhes und edels gegenwurfes hât, und ein solcher heizet danne sinnelôs, wan sîn gegenwurf ist ein bilde verborgener vernunft. Dionysius sprichet über diu wort sante Pauls ‘wan ir ist vil, die alle nâch der krône loufent, und wirt alleine dem wîsen geben.’ Der louf ist niht anders denne ein abekêren von allen crêatûren unde sich vereinen in die unbeschaffene gotheit. Unde swenne dan diu sêle dar zuo kumt, sô loufet si ime nâch unde ziuhet got sô vaste in sich, daz si an ir selber ze nihte wirt, als diu sunne die morgenrœte in sich ziuhet, daz si ze nihte wirt. Ouch sprichet sant Augustînus: diu sêle hât einen himelischen îngang in die götlîche nâtûre, daz ir alliu dinc ze nihte werdent. Unde swer des geistes kostet, dem wirt ungesmak daz fleischlîche, und swenne diu sêle ûf daz hœhste kumt, sô wirt si von erkennen kennelôs, wan in des geistes einunge sint alle die, die gote alliu dinc gelâzen habent, als er sie hete, dô wir niht enwâren. Wan der herre Jêsus ist der sêle vor gangen unde hât uns ebenbilde geben in dem würken sîner menscheit. Aber nâch dem inneristen teile der drîer persône, gotheit geist, ensach nie kein crêatûre weder sêle noch engel noch diu menscheit Kristî von ir eigenen nâtûre. Wan ez sprechent etlîche unde sunder meister Eckehart von Parîs der dinge aller beschrîber: als ir von mir gewis sît, daz ich ein mensche bin, als gewislîch gebirt got sîn eigen nâtûre in dem grunde mîner sêle als in dem himel, und umbe daz bin ich niht sêlic, ob ich mich niht zuo gote kêre und alle mitel der sünden und ir gesiehte mit aller crêatûre niht abe lege. Wan in dem selben grunde, dâ der vater sînen eigenen sun inne gebirt nâch sîner eigenen nâtûre, ûz dem bin ich geborn. Und alsô gebirt ouch der vater nâtûrlîche sînen sun in der sêle (alse wêrlîch als ich von mîme vater ein lebender mensche geborn bin), diu alliu dinc zîtlîches schaden under ir füeze getreten hât. Und in dem selben grunde, dar inne der vater sînen sun haben wil, dar inne wil er mich haben und alle die der vater mit sînen gnâden zuo im ziuhet. Wan als got in im selbe ist von allen dingen in alliu dinc, dâ bin ich allez daz von gnâden, daz got von nâtûre ist. Wan zuo dem uns got alle haben wil, daz ist sô guot, daz ez wênic menschen gelouben mügent, dan die ir selbes sint ûz gegangen. Und obe got der sêle alliu geschaffeniu dinc gêbe, von den möhte si niht erfüllet werden dan mit im selber: wan er ist der aller hœhste unbeschaffene himel aller himel in götlîcher nâtûre. Unt daz diu sêle in uns untœtlich ist, daz ist von uns niht geschehen, sunder von gote und ist doch nâtûrlîch. Aber diu sache der vereinunge kumt von gnâden, sô sich der obriste alsô neiget, daz er ein forme dem nidristen wirt, ûz dem diu hoffenunge unsers ansehens künftic wirt.
Dar umbe sol diu sêle von lîplichen dingen ûf stên unde sol über sich gezogen werden unde sol in ir selber wonen, des êrsten umbe der lustigen dinge willen, diu si in gote vindet. Wan diu volkomenheit gotes machet sî in ime sîn glîchnüsse enpfâhen. Dar umbe sint sîne volkomenheit alsô unmêzlîche ûz gozen, daz der engel mêr ist dan gras unde sant unde tropfen wazzers ie wurden, und ein ieglîcher engel hât sîne sundere nâtûre, alsô daz dekeiner dem andern glîch ist. — Zem andern mâle sol diu sêle ûf stên durch die lûterkeit, die si in gote vindet; wan alliu dinc sint in ime als lûter und edel, als balde sie ûz im fliezent in die nêhsten crêatûre, sô wirt ez als unglîch als iht unde niht. — Zem dritten mâle sol diu sêle ûf stên durch die samenunge, die si in gote vindet. Wan sol si got begrîfen, sô muoz si ir wonunge über sich setzen; wan hiete got tûsent himel unde tûsent ertrîche geschaffen, sô begriffe diu sêle alle mit der einen kraft der wirkender widerkraft. Dannoch mac si got niht begrîfen nâch dem werke, dâ mit er si nâch ime gebildet hât. — Zem vierden mâle sol diu sêle ûf stên durch diu unmêzelîchen guoten dinc, diu si in gote vindet: wan in im sint alliu dinc nâch ie der zît niuwe in sîme sune, der hiute geborn wirt, als ob er von dem vater nie geborn wære. Und als got in die sêle fliuzet, als fliuzet si hin wider in got.
One should also know that when the free spirit stands in true detachment from all things, it compels God to its being; and if it could subsist formlessly without accident, it would take God’s properties wholly into itself. But God can give this to no one but himself; therefore God can do no more for it than give himself to it. And such a person is raised so far into eternity that no temporal thing can move him so that he feels anything bodily, and he is called dead to the world, of which Paul says: “I live no longer; rather, Christ lives in me.” Therefore Dionysius also says: to die in God is nothing other than an uncreated life, which is God himself, and the soul is then called not a soul but rather the highest power of God, because he can work his will through her. And whatever the five senses take from such a soul, she gives wholly to the inward man when he has some high and noble object; and such a person is then called senseless, because his object is an image of hidden intellect. Dionysius says concerning the words of Saint Paul: “For there are many who all run after the crown, and it is given only to the wise.” The running is nothing other than a turning away from all creatures and uniting oneself with the uncreated Godhead. And when the soul then comes to this, she runs after him and draws God so firmly into herself that she becomes nothing in herself, just as the sun draws the dawn into itself so that it becomes nothing. Saint Augustine also says: the soul has a heavenly entrance into the divine nature, so that all things become nothing to her. And whoever tastes of the spirit finds the fleshly distasteful; and when the soul comes to the highest, she becomes without knowing through knowing, for in the union of the spirit are all those who have left all things to God as he had them when we did not yet exist. For the Lord Jesus has gone before the soul and has given us an exemplar in the working of his humanity. But with respect to the innermost part of the three Persons, Godhead, spirit, no creature—neither soul nor angel nor the humanity of Christ—has ever seen it by its own nature. For some say, and especially Master Eckhart of Paris, the describer of all things: as surely as you are certain of me that I am a human being, just as surely God begets his own nature in the ground of my soul as in heaven; and because of that I am not blessed unless I turn myself toward God and lay aside all means of sins and the sight of them with every creature. For in that same ground, where the Father begets his own Son within according to his own nature, out of that I am born. And thus the Father naturally also begets his Son in the soul (as truly as I am born a living human being from my father), the soul that has trodden every temporal harm beneath her feet. And in that same ground, where the Father wills to have his Son, there he wills to have me and all those whom the Father draws to himself by his grace. For as God in himself is from all things in all things, there by grace I am all that God is by nature. For that to which God wishes to bring us all is so good that few people can believe it except those who have gone out of themselves. And if God were to give the soul all created things, she could not be filled by them but only by himself, for he is the highest uncreated heaven of all heavens in divine nature. And that the soul in us is immortal has not come from us, but from God, and yet it is natural. But the cause of union comes from grace, when the highest so inclines himself that he becomes a form for the lowest, from which comes the hope of our vision.
Therefore the soul should rise up from bodily things, be drawn above herself, and dwell within herself: first, because of the delightful things that she finds in God. For God’s perfection causes her to receive his likeness in him. Therefore his perfections are poured out so immeasurably that there are more angels than ever there were blades of grass, grains of sand, and drops of water, and each angel has his own particular nature, so that none is like another. Secondly, the soul should rise through the purity that she finds in God; for all things are pure and noble in him, but as soon as they flow out from him into the nearest creature, they become as unlike as something and nothing. Thirdly, the soul should rise through the gatheredness that she finds in God. If she is to grasp God, she must set her dwelling above herself; for if God had created a thousand heavens and a thousand earths, the soul would grasp them all with the one power of the working counter-power. Yet she cannot grasp God according to the work by which he has formed her after himself. Fourthly, the soul should rise through the immeasurably good things that she finds in God, for in him all things are ever new in his Son, who is born today as though he had never before been born from the Father. And as God flows into the soul, so she flows back into God.
Diu sêle tritet vier trite in got. Wan sô si sich ze gote neiget, sô kumt si des êrsten in eine vorhte von sîner grôzen wirdikeit wegen. Zem andern mâle tritet si ûz der vorhte und enpfêhet eine hoffenunge von der edelen neigunge gotes. — Zem dritten mâle tritet si in ein begern unde nimt als ein verzagnisse von dem unmêzlîchen begrîfen, dar inne si von gote begriffen wirt. — Zem vierden mâle kumt si in sô grôze vergezzenheit, daz si keines ûzganges niemer mêr gedenket von dem daz si nû in gote funden hât. Got hât die sêle dar umbe geschaffen, daz sîn einborner sun in ir geborn werde. Unde wenne unde wâ diu geburt geschiht, daz ist gote lustsamer denne dô er himel und erde beschuof, dar umbe, daz diu sêle edeler unde wîter ist denne der himel. Wan als ein ê ist zwischen man unde wîb, alsô ist ein ê zwischen gote unde der sêle. Diu obriste kraft an der sêle ist der man unde diu nidriste ist daz wîp. Der man in der sêle sol alwege blôz stên unde daz wîp bedecket, alsô daz diu nidriste kraft in die obriste der sêle gezogen werde. Wan von êrste gebirt got in der sêle sîn gelîchnüsse unt dar nâch sich selber, als er in êwikeit ist. Gotes sun ist der sêle sun, und in dem hât got unde diu sêle einen sun, daz ist got. Diu sêle, in der diu geburt einest geschiht, diu wirt nâch gote gevüeget, unde ie diu geburt mê geschiht, ie mê diu sêle in got gevüeget wirt und in daz veterlîche herze.
Diu sêle hât zwêne füeze, daz ist verstentnüsse unde minne. Und ie mêre si verstêt, ie mêre si minnet. Unde wer mac si vellen, sît si der enthaltet, der alle crêatûre enthaltet? Wan diu gnâde reizet die begirde unde ziuhet die sêle ûz ir selber, daz si mit der gnâde und in der gnâde in gnâde gêt und über die gnâde in got unde kumt in ir êrsten ursprunc, dâ ir in wünnesamer einunge nie alse vol geschach. Wan dâ erstumment alle sinne, unde der sêle wille unde der wille gotes fliezent in einander, dâ von die zwêne willen ein minnesamez umbevâhen habent in rehter einunge. Unt dâ selbes mac diu sêle weder minr noch mê würken danne götlîchiu werc, dar umbe, daz an ir niht mê lebet denne got. Dar umbe sprichet diu sêle in der minne buoche ‘ich hân den kreiz der welte umbeloufen unde kunde sîn nie ze ende komen. Dar umbe hân ich mich gesenket in den einigen punct mînes einigen gotes, wan er hât mich verwundet mit sînem anblicke.’ Und swen daz anblicken niht verwundet hât, des sêle ist von der minne gotes nie verwundet worden. Dar umbe sprichet sant Bernhart: swelch geist des anblickes enpfunden hât, der enmac sîn niht sagen, unde swer sîn niht enpfunden hât, der enmac sîn niht gelouben. Wan dâ wirt ein pfîl âne zorn geschozzen unde man enpfindet sîn âne smerzen; wan dâ wirt ûf getân der lûter unde der klâre brunne der gnâden erzenîe, der diu inwendigen ougen erliuhtet, dâ von si mit eime wünnesamen ansehen enpfindet den wollust der götlîchen heimsuochunge, in der man ungehôrtiu dinc geistlîches guotes vindet, diu nie gehôrt noch geprediet noch in keinem buoche geschrieben sint.
The soul takes four steps into God. When she inclines herself toward God, she first comes into fear because of his great dignity. Secondly, she steps out of fear and receives hope from God’s noble inclination. Thirdly, she steps into longing and takes, as it were, a despondency from the immeasurable grasping in which she is grasped by God. Fourthly, she comes into such great forgetfulness that she no longer remembers any going-out from what she has now found in God. God created the soul so that his only-begotten Son might be born in her. And whenever and wherever this birth takes place, it is more delightful to God than when he created heaven and earth, because the soul is nobler and wider than heaven. For just as there is a marriage between man and woman, so there is a marriage between God and the soul. The highest power in the soul is the man and the lowest is the woman. The man in the soul should always stand bare and the woman covered, so that the lowest power may be drawn into the highest power of the soul. For first God begets his likeness in the soul and thereafter himself, as he is in eternity. God’s Son is the soul’s son, and in this God and the soul have one Son, which is God. The soul in which this birth happens even once is joined to God; and the more this birth happens, the more the soul is joined to God and to the paternal heart.
The soul has two feet, namely intellect and love. And the more she understands, the more she loves. And who can bring her down, since she is sustained by him who sustains all creatures? For grace stirs longing and draws the soul out of herself, so that with grace and in grace she goes into grace and beyond grace into God and comes into her first origin, where never before has so much happened to her in delightful union. For there all the senses fall silent, and the soul’s will and God’s will flow into one another, so that the two wills have a loving embrace in true union. And there the soul can work neither less nor more than divine works, because nothing more lives in her than God. Therefore the soul says in the Book of Love: “I have run around the circuit of the world and could never come to its end. Therefore I have sunk myself into the single point of my single God, for he has wounded me with his gaze.” And whoever has not been wounded by that gaze, that person’s soul has never been wounded by the love of God. Therefore Saint Bernard says: whichever spirit has experienced the gaze cannot tell what it is, and whoever has not experienced it cannot believe it. For there an arrow is shot without anger and one feels it without pain; for there the pure and clear fountain of the medicine of grace is opened, which illumines the inward eyes, and from this with a delightful gaze the soul experiences the pleasure of the divine visitation, in which one finds unheard-of things of spiritual goodness that have never been heard, preached, or written in any book.
Dar umbe sol diu sêle ûz gên von îteln gedanken, von weltlîcher sorge unde von lîplichen lüsten unde sol in des heimlîche gên, den die himel aller himel niht begrîfen mügent. Wan der trôst gotes wirt alleine der sêle geben, diu allen zîtlîchen trôst versmêhet; unde ie sneller si von der crêatûre fliuhet, ie sneller ir der schepfer zuo loufet unde vereinet sî mit im. Dar umbe sprichet Dionysius: diu minne setzet die sêle ûz ir selber und ordent sî in den den si minnet unde machet sî alsô sinnelôs, daz si ir selbes nihtes ahtet, dar umbe daz si des willen volbringe, den si aller liebest hât. Wan die krefte der sêle, die si hât an dem muote des geistes, die sint himelisch dar umbe, daz sie himelischiu werc würkent; sô enpfâhet diu êrste kraft, diu ander beschouwet unde diu dritte minnet. Wan sô sich diu sêle an der enpfâhunge gotes üebet in der gedêhtnisse irre innekeit und an der beschouwunge irre vernunft, sô bringet sî diu minne in die innekeit der gotheit, dâ diu ruowe der êwikeit ist. Dar umbe wonet der vater in der sêle, daz er sî an sîn herze drücke, und in dem îndrücken des vaters enpfâhet si den sun in sich nâch sîner persône ûzgange, dâ von si sîn inneblîben erkennet mit dem vater in irm wesenne; wan der herre sprichet ‘ich wil sî in die wüeste füeren’, daz ist, er füeret die sêle ûz von aller îtelkeit unde sprichet daz wort, daz sîn einborner sun ist, in sî. Und in der selben berunge sînes suns giezent sie den heiligen geist in die sêle, der sî alliu dinc lêret. Wan alliu werc der sêle, diu des êwigen lônes sullent teilhaftic werden, diu müezent in gote geschehen. Und swie guot daz werc an im selber ist und ez in gote niht geworht wirt, sô enwirt ez von ime niht gelônet, wan er enwirt niht lônen nâch der lengi noch grœzi noch nâch der menige der werke, sunder nâch dem und sie in gote vollebrâht werdent, wan diu sêle ist ein gezouwe gotes, dar inne er sîniu werc würket. Und swenne si sich mit gote vereinet, sô wirt si alsô geadelt, daz si von gnâden wirt, daz got von nâtûre ist. Wan swelhiu sêle irme briutegoume Jêsû Kristô mit tegelîchen tugenden niht engegen kumt unde sich hie versûmet unde sich dem himele niht zuo füeget, die wirt er abe füeren in der helle grunt, dâ si sîner gerehtekeit als vil in lîdenne vindet, als sant Pêter in himel êwiger fröuden. Wan der wâre briutegoum, unser herre Jêsus Kristus, ist dar umbe her zuo der sêle komen, daz er ir sîne götlîche minne in sîner sihtigen menscheit offenbârte, ûf daz unser nâtûre von aller crêatûre geêret würde, diu über die engel ist erhebet worden. Und umbe daz dürfen wir niht gedenken, daz er deheine edelere crêatûre beschüefe denne wir sîn. Dar umbe süllent unser sinne ein genügen an sîner menscheit hân, als unser sêle an sîner gotheit hât, als sant Augustînus sprichet: wir süllen mit der sêle in die gotheit gên unde mit unsern lîplichen sinnen in die menscheit Jêsû Kristî, diu über aller heiligen und engele wirdikeit erhœhet ist, und dâ hin kein crêatûre nâch sîme unwandelbêren wesen reichen mac. Dar umbe swenne der andêhtigen sêle diu zuokunft irs küniges Jêsû Kristî durch etlîchiu dinc verkündet wirt, sô fröuwet sich allez, daz in ir ist, unde des küniges reht ist, daz er würke nâch sîner hêrschaft und erfülle der sêle hoffenunge, diu sîn begert, sî ze sterken, daz si den ûzern sinnen dekeine stat gebe, iht ze würken in deheiner crêatûre âne den willen gotes. Unde diu sicheriste friuntschaft des küniges ist, sô diu sêle in allem dem volget, dar în sî got ziuhet. Wan sô diu sêle, von der wir mêr menschen sîn denne von dem lîchamen, der âne die sêle tôt ist, einer ieglîchen manunge gotes volgete, si überwünde alle anvehtunge âne arbeit unde wære ir ein lust, swaz si durch sînen willen tragen solte. Unde swenne si nihtes an ir vindet, daz ze strâfen sî, sô ist si frî mit ganzem fride vor allen urteilen. Dar umbe gehœret der sêle zuo, diu got minnet, daz si irn willen âne sînen willen niemer vollebringe, sît der zît unde si sich in sînen dienst ergeben hât. Wan got ist ein eigen, daz nihtes bedarf unde des elliu dinc bedürfent. Unt dar umbe, swenne sich diu sêle von innen an siht und erkennet sich von gnâden elliu dinc ze vermüegende, sô haltet si sich in ir eigen nâtûrlîch bilde.
Dar umbe sol diu sêle von gote merken. Daz êrste, daz si habe ein erkantnüsse des, der zuo ir künftic ist. Daz ander, daz si des ein ganze einunge habe, der in ir würken wil. Daz dritte, daz si habe ein lustigez brûchen des, der sî sô rîchlîche ze tische nemen wil. Daz vierde, daz si von des hêrschaft eine beschirmunge habe, mit dem si ruowen sol. Ûf daz sprichet Dionysius: swenne sich diu sêle ze gote kêret, sô gehœret ir zuo, daz si sich in got alsô erbilde, daz ûz ir selbes erkantnüsse dehein gestalt ûzer got in ir ûf stê. Unde swenne daz die sêle tuot, sô enthaltet si den ûzern menschen in rehter einunge, dem si daz nâtûrlîche leben gît. Wan sô sich got in die sêle sprichet, sô hât er sich mit ir vereinet, unde würket denne die sêle in sich selber unde machet sî sô vermüegic, daz si zimt oder ez sî hie in der zît niht, daz sî hindern müge an guoten dingen. Swenne sich diu sêle in der vernunft irs bildes in tugende üebet unt daz ir alliu dinc gegenwürtic sint von dem însprechen gotes, sô hât der geist ein frîez însprechen in gote nâch dem und daz veterlîche însprechen bewîset ist. Dar umbe sol diu sêle wizzen, wie si sich zwischen ir unde gote halten sülle, alsô daz si vernemen müge, in welcherleie üebunge sî got ziuhe und ir sîne manunge tuo. Und umbe daz sol diu minnende sêle got über alliu dinc minnen, der sich selber in sî senket unde würket in ir mit sînem geiste unde gît ir erkantnüsse, daz si die minne, die si von im innen an im hât, sol gegen allen menschen haben und erzeigen, unde diu sêle sol gote sich alsô undertân machen, als ob er alleine sînen tôt durch ir willen erlitten habe. Und swenne si daz tuot, sô nimt si in der wârheit zuo und ist geschickt ze enpfâhenne die gemeine gâbe gotes, mit der si komen sol zuo der wârheit der menscheit Kristî. Aber sô si minr tuot denne si vermac, sô wirt si imme lîchamen eime tiere gelîchent, daz man ze grœzerm vermügen nœten muoz; wan der minnist mensche, der gotes êwiclîchen mangeln sol, durch den hât Kristus mêr werke der minne geworht, denne alle heiligen ie durch sînen willen getân habent. Wan ob alle crêatûren reden kunden, sô möhten sie niht volsagen den adel, den got an den menschen, sunder an die sêle, geleit hât, alsô daz er keine crêatûre wil noch mac hôchwirdiger machen. Unde daz bewîset er uns selber mit sîme wesentlichen underscheide, den diu menschlîchiu nâtûre mit sîner götlîchen nâtûre hât. Unt dar umbe solten der sêle alle crêatûren versmâhen unde ze snœde sîn, durch die si möhte gezogen werden von den dingen, dar zuo si von gote beschaffen ist, und solte sich schamen, sît si daz êwige guot begrîfen mag unde daz versûmet.
Therefore the soul should go out from empty thoughts, worldly care, and bodily pleasures, and should enter the secret place of the One whom the heaven of heavens cannot contain. For God’s consolation is given only to the soul that despises all temporal consolation; and the faster she flees from the creature, the faster the Creator runs toward her and unites her with himself. Therefore Dionysius says: love sets the soul outside herself and orders her into the one she loves, and makes her so senseless that she pays no heed to herself, in order that she may fulfill the will of the one whom she loves above all. For the powers of the soul that she has in the mind of the spirit are heavenly because they perform heavenly works: the first power receives, the second contemplates, and the third loves. For when the soul exercises herself in receiving God, in the memory of her inwardness and in the contemplation of her intellect, love brings her into the inwardness of the Godhead, where the rest of eternity is. Therefore the Father dwells in the soul so that he may press her to his heart, and in the Father’s impressing she receives the Son into herself according to the outgoing of his Person, whereby she recognizes his indwelling with the Father in her being; for the Lord says, “I will lead her into the wilderness,” that is, he leads the soul out of all emptiness and speaks into her the Word, which is his only-begotten Son. And in that same touching of his Son they pour the Holy Spirit into the soul, who teaches her all things. For all works of the soul that are to partake in eternal reward must happen in God. And however good the work is in itself, if it is not wrought in God, it will not be rewarded by him, for he does not reward according to the length or greatness or multitude of works, but according as they are accomplished in God, for the soul is an instrument of God in which he works his works. And when she unites herself with God, she is ennobled so that by grace she becomes what God is by nature. For whichever soul does not go to meet her bridegroom Jesus Christ with daily virtues, but neglects herself here and does not fit herself for heaven, he will lead down into the ground of hell, where she finds as much suffering from his righteousness as Saint Peter finds eternal joys in heaven. For the true bridegroom, our Lord Jesus Christ, has therefore come here to the soul, that he might reveal his divine love to her in his visible humanity, so that our nature would be honored by every creature, having been raised above the angels. And therefore we should not think that he might create any creature nobler than we are. Therefore our senses should find satisfaction in his humanity, as our soul does in his Godhead, as Saint Augustine says: we should go with the soul into the Godhead and with our bodily senses into the humanity of Jesus Christ, which is exalted above the dignity of all saints and angels, and to which no creature can reach according to his unchangeable being. Therefore, when the coming of her King Jesus Christ is announced to the devout soul through certain things, everything within her rejoices; and it is the King’s right to act according to his lordship and fulfill the soul’s hope, which desires him, strengthening her so that she gives the outer senses no place to work in any creature without God’s will. And the surest friendship of the King is when the soul follows in everything into which God draws her. For if the soul, by which we are more human than by the body, which is dead without the soul, were to follow every admonition of God, she would overcome every temptation without effort, and whatever she had to bear for his will would be a delight to her. And when she finds nothing in herself that should be reproved, she is free in complete peace before all judgments. Therefore it belongs to the soul that loves God never to fulfill her will without his will, since the time when she surrendered herself to his service. For God is an ownness that needs nothing and of which all things have need. And therefore, when the soul looks inwardly upon herself and recognizes herself by grace as capable of all things, she keeps herself in her own natural image.
Therefore the soul should learn these things from God. First, that she have knowledge of the one who is to come to her. Second, that she have complete union with the one who wills to work in her. Third, that she have delightful fruition of the one who wishes to receive her so richly at his table. Fourth, that from his lordship she have a protection with whom she is to rest. Concerning this Dionysius says: when the soul turns to God, it belongs to her that she form herself in God in such a way that from her own knowledge no form outside God arises in her. And when the soul does this, she contains the outer man in true union, to whom she gives natural life. For when God speaks himself into the soul, he has united himself with her; and then the soul works in herself and makes herself so capable that, whether it suits her or not here in time, nothing can hinder her in good things. When the soul exercises herself in virtue in the intellect of her image and all things are present to her from God’s inward speaking, then the spirit has a free inward speaking in God according as the paternal inward speaking is manifested. Therefore the soul should know how to conduct herself between herself and God, so that she may perceive into what kind of practice God draws her and what admonition he gives her. And therefore the loving soul should love God above all things, who sinks himself into her and works in her with his Spirit and gives her knowledge that the love which she inwardly has from him toward him she should have and show toward all people; and the soul should make herself subject to God as though he alone had suffered his death for her sake. And when she does that, she truly increases and is prepared to receive the common gift of God, by which she is to come to the truth of the humanity of Christ. But if she does less than she can, she is likened in the body to an animal that must be forced to greater capacity; for the least human being who is to lack God eternally is one for whom Christ has wrought more works of love than all the saints have ever done for his will. For if all creatures could speak, they could not fully tell the nobility that God has placed in the human being, and especially in the soul, so that he neither wills nor can make any creature more worthy. And he himself shows this to us by the essential distinction that human nature has with his divine nature. Therefore all creatures should be contemptible and base to the soul if through them she could be drawn away from the things for which she was created by God; and she should be ashamed, since she can grasp the eternal good and neglects it.
Hie ist ein frâge: sît diu sêle sô edel ist, daz si zît noch stat noch nâtûre niht bewegen mac noch berüeren in irm wesenne, obe got âne bilde sîner eigenschaft in ir würke? Über daz antwürtent die lêrer unde sprechent: sît diu sêle ein crêatûre ist und ein geistlîch wesen hât, sô muoz daz von nôt sîn, swaz got in ir würket, daz er ez nâch wesen âne zuoval würke; wan alliu sîniu werc sint wesentlich und êwic, als sie in im selber sint, unde werdent in der sêle nâtûrlîche gemeinsamet über die gnâde. Wan gnâde ist ein ûzfliezendez lieht, daz geschicket ist under dem geiste dienstlîch ze sînne; wan gnâde wære niht ein lieht, wære si von dem geiste niht enthaltlîche erkant. Unde swenne sich got in der minne in die sêle sliuzet, sô ist si als unerkannt, als ir der obriste engel ist, unde minnet alliu dinc in götlîcher wîse âne nâtûrlîche eigenschaft. Got ist ein vernünftigez lûterz wesen und ein êwigez eigen, aber diu sêle ist ein gemachetez êwigez eigen. Wan als wênic got in namen und in worten mac begriffen werden, alse wênic mac diu sêle in bilden noch in formen begriffen werden. Diu sêle ist nâtûrlîch geeiniget unde glîch geordent der einigen vernunft gotes, diu alsô geeinet unde gelîch geordent ist in ir selber, daz dehein crêatûre in ir mac stat haben.
Der herre Jêsus sprach ze sînen jungern ‘ich gên iu ze bereiten die stat.’ An den worten sol man zwêne nütze merken. Der ein ist, daz diu sêle von nâtûre zem himele beschaffen ist unt daz got ir rehtiu erbestat ist. Wan got hât alleine die sêle âne underscheit beschaffen mügen, alsô daz nieman wizzen mac, waz si ist. Wan ein ieglîch mensche hât eine sêle, aber waz si in ir wesen ist, des enmügen wir hie in der zît niht wizzen. Dar umbe sprichet sant Augustînus: diu sêle ist von gote beschaffen unde vert wider ze gote, unt dar umbe enmac si niender ruowe haben dan in ime; wan got ist ein geist unde diu sêle ist ouch ein geist und ist ze gote gefüeget als ein geist zem andern. Diu sêle wirt ouch dem fiure gelîchet, daz an sîme wesenne daz hœhste ist unde daz kreftigiste an sîme werke, wan ez enruowet niht, unz daz ez den himel berüeret; wan daz fiwer ist umb alliu elemente gesetzet und ist verre, wîter unde hœher danne luft, wazzer und ertrîche, unde besliuzet diu andern alle in sich unde loufet mit dem himel umbe, wan ez ist im daz nêheste. Dar umbe heizet diu sêle ein fiwer, daz si gote mit der begirde nâch volget als daz fiwer dem himel und enmac niender ruowe haben danne in im. Diu sêle wirt ouch ein vanken himelischer nâtûre genant, wan der vanken ist ûf gein himel gevarn, daz ist: diu sêle Jêsû Kristî diu zeiget uns, daz aller sêle ruowestat niender ist danne ze himele. Wan ez sî denne, daz diu sêle von zîtlîchen dingen ze himelischen gezogen werde, anders der heilic geist enmac in sî niht komen, sîniu werc ze würkenne. Wan alliu werc gotes würket er in dem geiste. Got ist hôch unde der mensche nider: sol er danne zuo im ûf stîgen in andâht, sô muoz er sich hôch machen mit underlegen alles, daz got beschaffen hât, und ouch der sêle krefte, die in den werken des lîchamen mügent volbrâht werden, sô si dar zuo hât erkantnüsse unde minne, in den si über die welt gezogen wirt. Wan sol ich got erkennen, dâ zuo bedarf ich weder ougen noch ôren; sol ich danne mit got an der minne vereinet werden, dâ zuo bedarf ich weder hende noch füeze, mêr: ich bedarf, daz ich mich verberge vor allen beschaffenen dingen unde verslieze mich mit mînem geiste mit gotes geiste unde werde alsô ein geist mit gote; wan diu minne, die got zuo der sêle hât, diu hât in überwunden, daz er alle crêatûre beschaffen hât, daz er ir dâ mite sîn êre offenbârete. Unde wie lustic er die crêatûre gemachet hât, doch sô hât er eteswaz lîdens dâ nebene geleit, swer sîner êren lust niht ahten wil, daz er danne mit lîdenne gedrungen unde geslagen werde. Wan als wunderlich der menschen muot ist, als wunderlich ist der wec ze gote, dâ mite er einen mit lust zuo im ziuhet unde den andern mit ungemache unde slegen, als sant Paulus wunderlîche bekêret wart, dô er an dem wege was die kristen ze slahenne, unde daz er dannoch nâch sîner sêle in den dritten himel gezucket wart. Ouch an dem tage, dar an sant Augustînus bekêret wart, dô kunde er niht ersatet werden von dem wunderlîchen luste, den er hete an der huote, die got der sêle leite, dâ mite er sî zuo im kêrte.
Here is a question: since the soul is so noble that neither time nor place nor nature can move or touch her in her being, does God work in her without an image of his ownness? The teachers answer this and say: since the soul is a creature and has a spiritual being, it must necessarily be that whatever God works in her he works according to being without accident; for all his works are essential and eternal, as they are in himself, and in the soul they are naturally shared through grace. For grace is an outflowing light that is disposed to serve under the spirit; for grace would not be a light if it were not comprehendingly known by the spirit. And when God encloses himself in the soul in love, she is as unknown as the highest angel is unknown to her, and she loves all things in a divine manner without natural ownness. God is an intellectual, pure being and an eternal ownness, but the soul is a made eternal ownness. For as little as God can be grasped in names and words, so little can the soul be grasped in images or forms. The soul is naturally united and ordered alike to God’s one intellect, which is so unified and ordered alike in itself that no creature can have a place in it.
The Lord Jesus said to his disciples: “I go to prepare the place for you.” From these words one should note two benefits. The first is that the soul is by nature created for heaven and that God is her rightful inheritance. For God alone has been able to create the soul without distinction, so that no one can know what she is. For every human being has a soul, but what she is in her being we cannot know here in time. Therefore Saint Augustine says: the soul is created by God and returns again to God, and therefore she can have rest nowhere but in him; for God is a spirit and the soul is also a spirit and is joined to God as one spirit to another. The soul is also likened to fire, which in its being is the highest and in its work the strongest, for it does not rest until it touches heaven; for fire is set around all the elements and is much wider and higher than air, water, and earth, and encloses all the others within itself and moves around with heaven, because it is nearest to it. Therefore the soul is called a fire, because she follows after God with longing as fire follows heaven and can have rest nowhere but in him. The soul is also called a spark of heavenly nature, for the spark is borne upward toward heaven; that is, the soul of Jesus Christ shows us that the resting-place of every soul is nowhere but in heaven. For unless the soul is drawn from temporal things to heavenly things, the Holy Spirit cannot come into her to work his works. For all God’s works he works in the spirit. God is high and the human being low: if he is then to ascend to him in devotion, he must make himself high by placing beneath himself everything that God has created, and also the powers of the soul that can be accomplished in the works of the body, when she has for this knowledge and love, in which she is drawn above the world. For if I am to know God, for that I need neither eyes nor ears; if I am then to be united with God in love, for that I need neither hands nor feet; rather, I need to hide myself from all created things and close myself with my spirit into God’s Spirit and thus become one spirit with God; for the love that God has for the soul has overcome him so that he has created all creatures, so that through them he might reveal his honor to her. And although he has made creatures delightful, he has nevertheless placed some suffering alongside them, so that whoever does not wish to heed the delight of his honors may then be pressed and struck through suffering. For as wondrous as the disposition of human beings is, so wondrous is the way to God, by which he draws one person to himself through delight and another through hardship and blows, as Saint Paul was wondrously converted when he was on the way to strike down the Christians, and was nevertheless afterward, according to his soul, caught up into the third heaven. Also on the day when Saint Augustine was converted, he could not be sated by the wondrous delight he had in the care that God bestowed upon the soul, by which he turned her to himself.
Ez sint driu dinc, dar umbe diu sêle an der crêatûre dekein genüegen hât. Daz ein: daz sie geteilet sint. Daz ander: daz sie lîplich sint unde gênt ûf verderben unde verdrozzenheit, dar umbe an in kein zuonemen gesîn mac. Daz dritte: daz diu gâbe der crêatûren niht geschenket wirt von dem und si von êrste geflozzen sint (daz ist von gote), dar umbe sie der ûf gezogenen sêle in lust niht smecken mügent; wan got der herre locket die sêle zuo im, als ein schêfelîn mit eime grüenen loube von einer stat an die andern gelocket wirt. Und ob aller sêle kraft an einer sêle læge, sô enmöhte si hie daz minniste lôn niht enpfâhen, daz von dem minnisten werke kumt, daz got in êwiger minne geboten hât, oder diu sêle müeste dâ von zerfliezen und an dem lîchame sterben. Daz geschêhe danne niht, obe si allez daz lôn enpfâhen solte, daz got selber ist. Sol ez aber diu sêle vermügen, sô muoz si über sich selber erhaben werden und über alle crêatûre unde muoz in ein götlich wesen gesetzet werden und in die glîchnüsse götlicher nâtûre, wan diu sêle berüeret mit irn obristen kreften die êwikeit unde mit den nidristen die crêatûre, dâ von si dicke ze übele gezogen wirt. Wan möhte diu sêle got als ganz erkennen, als die engel, si enwære in den lîchamen nie komen. Got ist nâch im selber gebildet unde hât sîn bilde von im selber; unde swenne in diu sêle mit rehter erkantnüsse berüeret, sô ist si im an dem bilde gelîch, wan er hât sî nâch im gebildet, unde swenne sich daz götlich lieht in die sêle ergiuzet, sô wirt si mit gote vereinet als ein lieht von dem andern unde heizet denne ein lieht des gelouben götlicher tugende. Wan swâ diu sêle mit irn kreften unde sinnen hin niht komen enmac, dâ treit sî der geloube hin; unde swenne got in der kraft in der sêle begriffen wirt, sô kumt si zuo der tugende der hoffenunge, in der diu sêle ze gote sô gröze zuofluht gewinnet, daz si wênet, got enhabe in allem sînem wesenne niht, daz ir unmügelîch sî. Ûf daz sprichet sant Augustînus: die birn, die ich stal, die wâren mir vil süezer danne die mîn muoter koufte unde mir verslozzen unde verboten wâren. Alsô ist der sêle diu gnâde vil süezer, die si mit wîsheit begrîfet, danne diu allen menschen gemeine ist. Dar umbe sol diu sêle mit den nidersten kreften gote hie dienen unde mit den obristen in der êwikeit, unde si ist niht von zît noch von êwikeit gemachet, mêr: si ist von in beiden ein nâtûre von nihte gemachet. Neiget si sich ûf zîtlîchiu dinc, sô wirt si unstête; haltet si sich aber an diu êwigen, sô wirt si stête unde starc, mit den si überwindet diu wandelbæren dinc.
Und der sêle brütegoum ist der herre Jêsus, der sibenleie glîchnüsse an im hât. Daz êrste, daz er sô schœne ist, daz sich im diu sunne niht gelîchen mac, unde si mac von ir selber niht klâr sîn, sunder got muoz sî liutern, dâ von der luft erliuhtet wirt. Alsô sol sîn brût, diu sêle, sîn an gedanken, an worten und an werken. Unde sol si dar zuo komen, sô muoz sî got liutern von allen meiln der sünden, dâ von diu stat irre wonunge erliuhtet werde. — Zem andern mâle ist der herre Jêsus gar eins hôhen adels, wan er hât einen vater in himel âne muoter unde hât ûf erden ein muoter âne vater, unde dar umbe ist sîn adel sô wunderlich, daz in keins menschen sin begrîfen mac. Dâ gegen sol sîn brût, diu sêle, êrberkeit haben, dâ mite si sich ziere in ir wirdekeit über allez, daz minner ist danne got. — Zem dritten mâle ist der herre Jêsus sô rîch, daz himel und erde und alle crêatûre dar inne sîn ist. Dâ gegen sol diu sêle, sîn brût, frîheit haben unde sol im al ir sorge enpfelhen unde sol kein missetriuwen an sîme fürsehen haben, sît er milte ze gebenne ist denne wir ze nemenne. — Zem vierden mâle ist sîn wîsheit sô klâr, daz si aller herzen grunt durchliuhtet alsô, daz sînen ougen niht verborgen ist. Dâ gegen sol sîn brût, diu sêle, huote unde zuht haben, daz si in sîme ansehen ihtes tuo, daz ir niht zeme ze sîme gevallen. — Zem fünften mâle ist sîn sterke sô mehtic, dâ durch elliu dinc worden sint und enthalten werdent. Dâ gegen sol sîn brût, diu sêle, gröze hoffenunge haben, si sî in widerwertikeit oder in waz lîden und anvehtunge si stê. Wan waz si niht vermac, daz vermac er: sît im elliu dinc müglich sint. — Zem sehsten mâle hât er ein süezez gemüete. Dar umbe heizet in diu geschrift ein lamp âne meil, daz âne zorn und âne râche ist. Dâ gegen sol diu sêle, sîn brût, semfte, güetic unde gedultic sîn in allem dem, daz er hinz ir verhenget ze sîme lobe. — Zem sibenden mâle hât der herre Jêsus Kristus an im êwigen gesunt und unteclîcheit. Dâ gegen sol diu sêle, sîn brût, haben frœlîche unde frîe ledikeit aller ungeordenter dinge und ensol nihtes sô minnen, ez ensî ir alwege alse liep ze lâzenne oder ze habenne durch ir brütegoumes willen, und ir sol ouch niemer kein pîne sô grôz zuostên, ez sî ir alse liep ze lîdenne alse niht. Ir sol ouch gotes gerehtikeit an ir selber als liep sîn als sîn barmherzikeit. Diu sêle sol sich ouch aller gâbe gotes alse vaste an andern fröuwen als an ir selber. Dar umbe stêt geschrieben: der gerehten menschen sêle sint in der hant gotes und er hât sî sô nâhen zuo im gesetzet, daz ims nieman ûz sîner hant nemen mac. Er hât sî ouch mit underscheide gemachet als daz werc sîner hant; der lôn wil er selber sîn in dem êwigen lebenne; wan got hât alleine die sêle ân aller crêatûre hilfe beschaffen wellen nâch dem gewalte sîner mehtikeit und an der vernunft nâch sîner wîsheit unde nâch sîner güete an dem willen, als er sî von êwikeit in sîme gewalte erkant hât ze schepfen unde sêlic ze machen in sîner unmêzlîchen güete. Dar umbe ist diu sêle niht gemachet von der nâtûre gotes, mêr: nâch dem bilde der heiligen drîvaltikeit, dar umbe, daz si alleine mit der minne ze gote gebunden sî und in im ganze ruowe suochen unde sich im gereite ze eime genêmen tempel bewîse. Dar umbe gie er in den tempel unde treib ûz die koufer unde verkoufer unde hiez sie diu dinc fürder tuon. Dâ bî hât er zerkennen geben, daz er den tempel der sêle wil reine haben, daz niht dar inne sî danne er alleine. Und in dem sol diu sêle den engeln gelîch sîn, die dekein merken ûf ûzriu dinc habent unde meinent alleine niht anders danne den lûtern willen gotes ze vollebringen. Wan sie sint sô gar ûf den willen gotes geneiget, daz der in in vollebrâht werde, unde solten sie hezzeln brechen oder ein ander solich dinc tuon, daz tæten sie mit ganzem vlîze, als ob alliu ir sêlikeit dar an læge.
There are three things because of which the soul has no satisfaction in creatures. The first is that they are divided. The second is that they are bodily and pass into corruption and weariness, and therefore there can be no increase in them. The third is that the gift of creatures is not bestowed by the one from whom they first flowed (that is, by God), and therefore, to the uplifted soul, they cannot have savor as delight; for God the Lord entices the soul to himself as a little sheep is enticed from one place to another with a green leaf. And if the power of every soul lay in one soul, she could not here receive the least reward that comes from the least work that God has commanded in eternal love, or the soul would have to dissolve from it and die in the body. This would not happen even if she were to receive the whole reward that is God himself. But if the soul is to be capable of it, she must be raised above herself and above all creatures and must be set into a divine being and into the likeness of divine nature, for with her highest powers the soul touches eternity and with the lowest powers creatures, by which she is often drawn toward evil. If the soul could know God as wholly as the angels do, she would never have come into the body. God is formed according to himself and has his image from himself; and when the soul touches him with true knowledge, she is like him in the image, for he has formed her according to himself. And when the divine light pours itself into the soul, she is united with God as one light with another and is then called a light of faith, a divine virtue. For where the soul cannot reach with her powers and senses, faith carries her there; and when God is grasped in this power in the soul, she comes to the virtue of hope, in which the soul gains so great a refuge in God that she believes God has nothing in all his being that is impossible for her. Concerning this Saint Augustine says: the pears that I stole were much sweeter to me than those my mother bought and locked away and forbade me. Thus grace is much sweeter to the soul when she grasps it with wisdom than the grace that is common to all people. Therefore the soul should serve God here with the lower powers and in eternity with the highest; and she is made neither from time nor from eternity; rather, with respect to both she is a nature made from nothing. If she inclines toward temporal things, she becomes unstable; but if she holds to eternal things, she becomes steadfast and strong, and with them she overcomes changeable things.
And the bridegroom of the soul is the Lord Jesus, who has seven likenesses in himself. The first is that he is so beautiful that the sun cannot compare with him; and it cannot be bright of itself, but God must illumine it, through which the air is illuminated. So should his bride, the soul, be in thoughts, words, and works. And if she is to come to this, God must purify her from every stain of sin, so that the place of her dwelling may be illuminated. — Secondly, the Lord Jesus is of such high nobility, for he has a Father in heaven without a mother and on earth a mother without a father, and therefore his nobility is so wondrous that no human mind can comprehend it. Correspondingly, his bride, the soul, should have nobility, by which she adorns herself in her dignity above everything that is less than God. — Thirdly, the Lord Jesus is so rich that heaven and earth and every creature within them are his. Correspondingly, the soul, his bride, should have freedom and entrust all her care to him and have no distrust in his providence, since he is more generous in giving than we are in receiving. — Fourthly, his wisdom is so clear that it shines through the ground of every heart, so that nothing is hidden from his eyes. Correspondingly, his bride, the soul, should have watchfulness and discipline, so that in his sight she does nothing that is not fitting to please him. — Fifthly, his strength is so mighty that through it all things came to be and are sustained. Correspondingly, his bride, the soul, should have great hope, whether she stands in adversity or in whatever suffering and temptation. For what she cannot do, he can do, since all things are possible to him. — Sixthly, he has a sweet disposition. Therefore Scripture calls him a lamb without stain, which is without anger and without vengeance. Correspondingly, the soul, his bride, should be gentle, good, and patient in everything he permits to come upon her for his praise. — Seventhly, the Lord Jesus Christ has eternal health and indivisibility in himself. Correspondingly, the soul, his bride, should have joyful and free detachment from all disordered things and should love nothing so much that it would not always be as dear to her to leave it as to have it for her bridegroom’s sake; nor should any pain ever be so great for her that it is not as dear to her to suffer it as not. God’s righteousness should also be as dear to her in herself as his mercy. The soul should also rejoice as firmly in every gift of God in others as in herself. Therefore it is written: the souls of righteous people are in the hand of God, and he has set them so near to himself that no one can take them out of his hand. He has also made them distinctly as the work of his hand; he himself will be their reward in eternal life. For God alone willed to create the soul without the help of any creature, according to the power of his might, and in the intellect according to his wisdom, and in the will according to his goodness, as he had known her from eternity in his power, to create her and make her blessed in his immeasurable goodness. Therefore the soul is not made from God’s nature, but according to the image of the Holy Trinity, so that she alone might be bound to God by love and seek complete rest in him and show herself ready for him as an acceptable temple. Therefore he went into the temple and drove out the buyers and sellers and commanded them to cease doing these things. By this he showed that he wishes to have the temple of the soul pure, so that nothing may be within it except he alone. And in this the soul should be like the angels, who pay no attention to outward things and intend nothing other than to fulfill the pure will of God. For they are so wholly inclined to God’s will that it may be fulfilled in them; and if they had to crack hazelnuts or do some other such thing, they would do it with complete diligence, as though all their blessedness depended upon it.
Und welhiu sêle alsô in den willen gotes gekêret wære unde des iren niht suohte, in der würde Jêsus wunder trîben unde wunne haben. Wan sô si irs willen ûz gienge, sô giengen alliu dinc mit Jêsû în, dâ von si alsô erliuhtet würde, daz ir niht widerschînen möhte danne got alleine. Wan wie wol die engel in etlicher mâze der sêle in künftigen fröuden gelîch sint, doch ist in ein ziel gesetzet, über daz sie niht komen mügent. Aber diu sêle mac hie mit guoten werken wol hœher komen; alsô si iezuo in gnâden hie dem obristen engel wol gelîch wære, sô möhte si mit irm frîen willen guoter werke unzellich über den engel komen, sô si von dem lîchamen ûz gienge.
Der unbeschaffen got ist alleine frî und ist glîch der sêle frîheit, aber niht nâch dem und si beschaffen ist, wan si hât gewachet ze nihte ze werden, unt daz si widerbrâht ist, daz hât got von nôt getân. Wan sol Jêsus in der sêle sîn, sô muoz si sich einigen unde muoz swîgen unde hœren sîniu wort. Unde swenne der geist den gewalt in dem sune enpfâhet, sô wirt er gewaltic in eime ieglîchen worte der tugende, der volkomenheit unde der lûterkeit. Und eine solhe sêle enmac niht stœren, si enstê mit gewalte dar inne als in einer götlîchen kraft.
And whatever soul were thus turned into God’s will and did not seek her own, Jesus would work wonders in her and take delight in her. For when she went out of her own will, all things would enter with Jesus, through which she would be so illuminated that nothing could shine back upon her except God alone. For although the angels are in some measure like the soul in future joys, a limit is set for them beyond which they cannot go. But the soul can here rise higher by good works; thus, even if here in grace she were now fully like the highest angel, through the good works of her free will she could rise immeasurably above the angel when she went out from the body.
The uncreated God alone is free and is like the freedom of the soul, but not according to that by which she is created, for she has kept watch toward becoming nothing, and that she has been restored is something God has done of necessity. For if Jesus is to be in the soul, she must become one and must be silent and hear his words. And when the spirit receives power in the Son, it becomes powerful in every word of virtue, perfection, and purity. And such a soul cannot be disturbed if she stands with power within it as in a divine power.
Zem andern mâle offenbâret sich der süeze Jêsus in der sêle mit sîner unmêzlîchen wîsheit, in der sich der vater erkennet mit aller sîner veterlîchen hêrschaft, unde daz wort, daz diu wîsheit selber ist und allez daz dar inne ist und waz er selber eine ist. Unde swenne diu selbe wîsheit mit der sêle vereinet wirt, sô ist aller zwîvel, irrunge unde hindernüsse abe genomen und ist gesetzet in daz klâre lûter lieht, daz got selber ist. Dâ wirt got mit gote in der sêle erkant, unde mit der wîsheit erkennet si sich selber und alliu dinc. Sich offenbâret ouch Jêsus mit sîner unmêzlîchen süezekeit in der kraft des heiligen geistes, unde mit dem fliuzet diu sêle in sich selber und über sich selber und über alliu dinc von gnâden mit gewalte âne mitel in ir êrsten anevanc.
Zuo dem sprichet Richardus über daz buoch der tugent: swenne daz götliche lieht die sêle durchgêt, sô wirt si ir selbes als ungesmac in allen irn werken, daz si sich selber niht lîden mac in ir eigenen tugende, mêr: si helt sich zuo dem gesmacke gotes. Ouch sprichet sant Augustînus: mîn sêle ist dâ mêr, dâ si minnet, denne dâ si dem lîbe daz leben gît, und in der mâze ist mir got nêher, denne ich mir selber bin, wan ein ieglîchiu minnendiu sêle, diu got sô verre gevolget hât, daz si über sich selber erhaben ist unde mit dekeinem luste ûf ir selber noch ûf keiner crêatûre ruowet, diu wil ouch keinen lust haben von götlichem înfluzze, mêr: si wil got selber ze luste haben. Wan sô diu sêle von den dingen erlediget ist, der ir gewizzen kuntschaft hât, unde des bildes gotes kein entbern hât, sô hât diu vernunft einen ledigen zuoganc in die êwigen wârheit. Wan diu sunne der êwikeit wirfet sich mit irm schîne in die sêle unde durchdringet ir krefte alsô, daz ein ieglîchiu kraft berüeret wirt mit den zuovellen materiellîcher dinge von der schickunge, als si nâtûrlîch dar zuo gefüeget unde geordent sint. Unde daz lieht der êwigen sunne erhebet alle krefte der sêle unde machet sî ime gelîch in eime gar vernünftigen bilde. Unde swenne diu sêle daz werc wesentlich lîdet, als ez got wesentlich vernünftig würket, sô wirt der sêle vernunft ein lieht aller werke, diu got von gnâden in ir würkende ist. Unde swenne diu vernunft alsô erhaben wirt, alse vor geseit ist, sô erhebet si alle krefte über alliu zîtlîchiu dinc, daz dannoch die krefte von den nideren dingen ungehindert blîbent und alwege zuo nement unde niht abe. Wan diu vernunft des wesens gotes stêt an dem, daz er uns gebe; aber von nâtûre ist daz an im, daz er sich uns selber gebe, und der sêle nâtûre ist, daz si sich dem gebe, der sich ir geben hât; unde mit dem ist der geber und diu gâbe, der würker und daz werc einic. Dar umbe sprach der herre Jêsus ‘ich gên zuo dem, der mich gesant hât.’ Alsô mac diu sêle sprechen, sô si sich ûf ze gote erhebet: ich gên zuo dem, von dem ich komen bin.
Secondly, sweet Jesus reveals himself in the soul with his immeasurable wisdom, in which the Father knows himself with all his paternal lordship, and the Word, which is wisdom itself, and all that is within it and what he himself alone is. And when this same wisdom is united with the soul, all doubt, error, and hindrance are taken away and she is set in the clear, pure light that is God himself. There God is known with God in the soul, and through wisdom she knows herself and all things. Jesus also reveals himself with his immeasurable sweetness in the power of the Holy Spirit, and with this the soul flows into herself and above herself and above all things by grace with power, without means, into her first beginning.
Concerning this Richard says in the Book of Virtue: when the divine light passes through the soul, she becomes so distasteful to herself in all her works that she cannot endure herself in her own virtue; rather, she turns herself toward the savor of God. Saint Augustine also says: my soul is more where she loves than where she gives life to the body, and in this measure God is nearer to me than I am to myself; for every loving soul that has followed God so far that she is raised above herself and rests with no delight upon herself or upon any creature also wishes to have no delight from divine inflow; rather, she wishes to have God himself as her delight. For when the soul is freed from the things of which her conscience has certain knowledge, and lacks nothing of the image of God, then the intellect has free access to eternal truth. For the sun of eternity casts itself with its brightness into the soul and so penetrates her powers that each power is touched by the accidents of material things according to their disposition, as they are naturally joined and ordered thereto. And the light of the eternal sun raises all the powers of the soul and makes them like itself in a wholly intellectual image. And when the soul undergoes the work essentially, as God works it essentially and intellectually, then the soul’s intellect becomes a light of all the works that God is working in her by grace. And when the intellect is thus raised, as was said before, it raises all the powers above all temporal things, while nevertheless the powers remain unhindered by lower things and continually increase and do not diminish. For the intellect of God’s being lies in this, that he gives to us; but it belongs to him by nature that he gives himself to us, and it is the soul’s nature that she give herself to him who has given himself to her; and with this the giver and the gift, the worker and the work, are one. Therefore the Lord Jesus said: “I go to him who sent me.” So the soul may say when she raises herself up to God: I go to him from whom I came.
Des êrsten gêt si zem vater in eime stêten willen, sich niht mêr mit der crêatûre unordenlîchen wider sînen willen ze bekümbern. Zem andern mâle gêt si an eime volkomenen wege, gote genuoc ze sîn in allem deme, dar zuo er sî ziuhet; unde zem dritten mâle gêt si in dem süezen gesmacke götlicher minne, in dem ir lîden kein lîden ist. Zem vierden mâle gêt si in den vier tugenden (daz ist: wîsheit, mâze, sterke unde gerehtikeit) über zît und über alle crêatûre. Si gêt ouch in den drin tugenden: gloube, hoffenunge und minne, âne die ze gote nieman komen mac. Dar umbe wer kan ez wizzen, zuo waz wunders diu sêle kome, diu der hant gotes enpfolhen ist? Wan ein ieglîchiu sêligiu sêle sol ir herze alwege ûf tuon gegen dem trôste gotes, unde waz si von im enpfâhet, daz sol si giezen in die nidersten krefte, dâ mite si got niht begrîfen sol, anders er würde gesmêhet ûz ir swachen erkantnüsse, diu ûz irn nidersten kreften erschînet. Unt dar umbe, daz alle sêle gegen gote niht glîch gefüeget sint, sô smecket in got niht gelîch in sîme erschînen, als diu sunne allen ougen niht gelîch schînet.
Ez stêt geschrieben ‘von der wurzen Jessê sol eine gerten enspringen.’ An den worten sol man driu dinc merken: waz diu wurze sî, von der got in der sêle geborn wirt, und in welcher mâze und waz nütze dâ von kome. Diu wurze von Jessê ist als vil gesprochen als ein fiurigiu nâtûre, diu allez daz zuo ir ziuhet und in sich verwandelt, daz in sî kumt. Alsô ist diu fiurige nâtûre gotes: sô si die sêle zuo ir ziuhet und in ir verwandelt, sô wirt si geistlîch in ir erkantnüsse geborn; wan diu sêle hât ein gemeinez lieht mit den engeln, in dem si got erkennet, unde daz lieht, daz ir angeschaffen ist, daz ist diu vernunft unde treit âne underlâz in die sêle die wîsheit gotes. Aber swenne si in den lîcham gozzen wirt, sô ervinstert si.
First, she goes to the Father in a steadfast will, no longer to trouble herself in a disordered way with creatures against his will. Secondly, she goes on a perfect way, to be sufficient to God in everything into which he draws her; and thirdly, she goes in the sweet savor of divine love, in which her suffering is no suffering. Fourthly, she goes in the four virtues (that is: wisdom, measure, fortitude, and righteousness) above time and above every creature. She also goes in the three virtues: faith, hope, and love, without which no one can come to God. Therefore who can know to what wonder the soul may come who is entrusted to the hand of God? For every blessed soul should always open her heart toward God’s consolation, and whatever she receives from him she should pour into the lower powers, by which she is not to grasp God; otherwise he would be diminished through her weak knowledge, which appears from her lower powers. And because not every soul is disposed alike toward God, God does not have the same savor for them in his appearing, just as the sun does not shine alike for every eye.
It is written: “From the root of Jesse a shoot shall spring forth.” In these words one should note three things: what the root is from which God is born in the soul, in what manner this happens, and what benefit comes from it. The root of Jesse means, as it were, a fiery nature that draws to itself everything that comes to it and transforms it into itself. So it is with the fiery nature of God: when it draws the soul to itself and transforms her in itself, she is spiritually born in her knowledge; for the soul has a common light with the angels in which she knows God, and the light that is created into her is the intellect and ceaselessly bears God’s wisdom into the soul. But when she is poured into the body, she is darkened.
Man liset, daz drie künige Kristô ir opfer brâhten. Bî den sol man verstên die drie nidersten krefte der sêle, die undertân süllent sîn den obristen drin kreften der sêle. Dar umbe wil ich hie von den obristen kreften der sêle sagen, wie die künige sîn unde waz gâbe sie den nidersten kreften bringen.
Der êrste künic ist diu gedêhtnüsse, der bringet ûz sîme rîche die fruht. Swenne diu sêle merket, wie edel sî got beschaffen hât, sô fliuzet ûz der erkantnüsse ein lustigiu begirde, diu sich ze gote erhebet unde wirfet ze rücke alliu zîtlîchiu dinc. Sô ist denne wêrlîche der künic der gedêhtnüsse komen und hât geopfert daz golt der begirde zuo gote mit einem ûfgeben aller ander dinge. — Der ander künic der sêle ist diu vernunft. Diu kumt zuo der andern kraft, diu mâze oder bescheidenheit heizet. Unde swenne diu sêle erkennet, wie si von gnâden den willen gotes erfüllen mac, sô wirt si unverdrozzen, sich aller crêatûre undertân ze machenne durch gotes willen, und einer ieglîchen mêr, sô vil si von gote mêr gewirdiget ist. Sô kumt danne diu bescheidenheit mit rîcher gedult und enpfâhet mit dancsagen allez, daz got über si hie mit dem lîchame verhenget, unde mit dem kumt ir diu fruht des wîrouches, dâ von ir alle tugende vereinet werdent, alsô: waz ander herte unde swære an kumt, daz wirt ir von minne ringe und müglich ze tuonne. — Der sêle dritter künic ist der wille. Swenne der mit ganzer sterke der sêle daz fiwer der minne bringet unde sî alsô durchgêt, daz allez daz verzeret wirt, daz in der nâtûre zuo sünden gloset, sô wirt si sô stête, daz si weder tôt noch leben von der minne gotes niht gescheiden mac. Sô ist ir denne brâht die mirren, dâ mite si behalten wirt vor der viule zîtlîcher dinge, diu vil übels an der sêle bringent. Wan sant Ambrosius sprichet: got giuzet die sêle schaffende, unde giezende beschaffet er sî. Unde swenne si in minnet, sô gît er sich ir âne mitel, als diu geistlîchiu brût wol enpfant, dô si sprichet in der minne buoche ‘dô ich was an der ruowe mînes bettes, dô kam mîn liep unde klopkete an mîn venster unde tet sîne hant hin în unde ruorte mich.’ Bî dem sol man verstên: swenne sich diu sêle selber erkennet, sô ruowet si von allen dingen, diu hie bî ir sint, dar umbe, daz si selbe edler unde wirdiger ist dan alliu andriu dinc in der zît. Unde swenne diu sêle ûz allen crêatûren und ûz ir selber nû gegangen ist, sô muoz ouch diu êwige wârheit ûz gên ze suochen sîne minnende sêle, unde berüeret ir vernunft und erhebet sî alsô mit irm liehte, dâ von si mêr gerîchet wirt danne von alle dem, daz si vor in ir nâtûre von lîplîchen dingen ie verstanden hât. Dâ von sant Augustînus sprichet: reht als diu sunne mit irm schîne daz glas durchgêt, daz alliu dinc in im erkant werdent, alsô wirt der sêle vernunft von dem liehte gotes erliuhtet, daz si erkennet, daz si diu dinc mac, diu gote zuo gehoerent; und in dem wirt diu sêle schînen in ir blôzheit unde got in sîner ledikeit, des Dionysius wol enpfant, dô er sprach: dô sich diu blôze sêle mit irm blôzen gote vereinte, dô wart si enthalten in der wüeste der gotheit. Unde si heizet wol ein wüeste, wan in si gesach nie kein crêatûre von gnâden. Dar umbe dürfent sich die wol schamen, die an den dingen unverstendic sint. Wan ob der obristen engel einer her ab kême unde daz ouch alle crêatûre als vernünftic wêren als er unde retten von menschlîcher sêlekeit, sô enmöhten sie alle unz an den jüngesten tac niht volsagen, waz got einer ieglîchen minnenden sêle in dem êwigen leben geben wil. Dar umbe solte diu sêle niht anders suochen danne got durch got. Wan sô si sich ie lûterr helt, sô sich got ie lûterr in si senket unde würket ie volkomenlîcher sîniu werc in ir, unde mit dem stêt si an dem sicheristen, alsô daz si von minne wegen durch gotes willen alwege lieber sich von dem lîchame scheiden wolte, danne durch ir selbes willen dar inne blîben. Si ist ouch arm an ir selber, alsô daz si hie unde dort alleine got erkennet. Ein solhiu sêle endarf ouch ûz ir selber niht suochen, sît sî der heilig geist in der schuole irs herzen lêret diu dinc irre sêlekeit. Si haltet sich ouch der gâbe, dâ mite got sîn aller liebesten friunde begabet hât. Unt dar umbe, daz si alliu ir werc nâch dem aller liebesten willen gotes an dem hœhsten volbringe, sô üebet si sich, daz si einer lûtern gewizzen niemer âne sî, ûf daz der himelische vater sîn êwigez wort in ir âne underlâz gebern müge: Jêsum Kristum sînen sun. Wan diu sêle ist nâch dem obristen teil in der zît niht unde würket ouch niht in der zît, si ist ouch denne über tûsent mîle als nâhen als der stat, dâ ich iezuo an stê.
One reads that three kings brought their offering to Christ. By them one should understand the three lower powers of the soul, which should be subject to the three highest powers of the soul. Therefore I wish to speak here of the highest powers of the soul, how they are kings and what gift they bring to the lower powers.
The first king is memory, which brings forth the fruit from its kingdom. When the soul observes how nobly God has created her, a delightful longing flows from knowledge, which raises itself to God and casts back all temporal things. Then the king of memory has truly come and has offered the gold of longing toward God with a giving-up of all other things. — The other king of the soul is the intellect. It comes to the other power, which is called measure or discernment. And when the soul knows how by grace she can fulfill God’s will, she becomes untiring in making herself subject to every creature for God’s sake, and to each one the more, the more it is honored by God. Then discernment comes with rich patience and receives with thanksgiving everything that God permits to come upon her here in the body, and with this there comes to her the fruit of incense, through which all virtues are united in her, thus: whatever hardness and heaviness comes upon her is made light and possible for her to do through love. — The third king of the soul is the will. When with the soul’s whole strength it brings the fire of love and so passes through her that everything in nature that glows toward sin is consumed, she becomes so steadfast that neither death nor life can separate her from the love of God. Then the myrrh is brought to her, by which she is preserved from the corruption of temporal things, which bring much evil upon the soul. For Saint Ambrose says: God pours out the soul by creating, and by pouring he creates her. And when she loves him, he gives himself to her without means, as the spiritual bride well perceived when she says in the book of love: “When I was at rest on my bed, my beloved came and knocked at my window and put his hand in and touched me.” By this one should understand: when the soul knows herself, she rests from all things that are here beside her, because she herself is nobler and more worthy than all other things in time. And when the soul has now gone out of all creatures and out of herself, eternal truth too must go out to seek his loving soul, and it touches her intellect and raises her in this way with its light, through which she becomes richer than through everything she had previously understood in her nature from bodily things. Therefore Saint Augustine says: just as the sun with its brightness passes through glass so that all things are known in it, so the soul’s intellect is, through the light of God, so that it knows that it is capable of the things that belong to God; and in this the soul will shine in her nakedness and God in his freedom, as Dionysius well understood when he said: when the naked soul was united with her naked God, she was held in the wilderness of the Godhead. And it is rightly called a wilderness, for no creature has ever looked into it by grace. Therefore those who lack understanding in these things should indeed be ashamed. For if one of the highest angels came down here, and all creatures were as intellectual as he and spoke about human blessedness, they could not, even until the Last Day, fully tell what God wills to give each loving soul in eternal life. Therefore the soul should seek nothing other than God for God’s sake. For the purer she keeps herself, the more purely God sinks into her and the more perfectly works his works in her; and with this she stands most securely, so that for love and for God’s will she would always rather depart from the body than remain in it for her own will. She is also poor in herself, so that here and there she knows God alone. Such a soul need not seek anything out of herself, since the Holy Spirit teaches her in the school of her heart the things of her blessedness. She also holds to the gift with which God has endowed his dearest friends. And because she performs all her works according to God’s dearest will in the highest way, she practices so that she is never without a pure conscience, in order that the heavenly Father may without ceasing beget his eternal Word in her: Jesus Christ, his Son. For according to her highest part the soul is not in time and does not work in time; she is therefore also as near beyond a thousand miles as the place where I now stand.
Ez sprechent ouch diu lêrer: allez, daz bilde ie enpfienc oder zît ie beruorte, daz des niht in die sêle kome; unde niht alleine, daz zît enpfienc, mêr: daz ie glîchnüsse enpfienc. Daz houbet der sêle ist diu obriste kraft, unde sît der zît unde si beschaffen wart ist si der gnâden götlîches liehtes nie âne gewesen, und in der kraft ist der sêle diu zît, dar inne got die welt beschaffen hât, und ouch der jüngeste tac als nâhen, als diu zît, in der ich iezuo rede. Und wan diu sêle in der kraft des houbtes stêt, sô enpfâhet si den nutz dâ von, daz ir alle gnâde unde sêlekeit, die alle heiligen besezzen hânt, alse gemeine werdent, als ob si ir eigen wêren. Wan daz ist ein gewissiu wârheit: wer reht in daz houbet kême, der têt niemer keine sünde, im würde ouch diu êwige fröude sô erkant unde würde alsô gelêrt, daz er keiner predie bedörfte. Dar umbe süllen wir daz houbet der sêle ûf heben unde süllen uns samenen in die wîte unde breite solher kraft unde scheiden uns von zîtlîchen dingen zuo den êwigen, sô gebirt got in der kraft allez, daz er an gewalt, an wârheit und an wîsheit ist, ganz in die sêle. Jâ diu sêle, in der diu gnâde ist, diu ist lûter unde reine und ist gote aller glîchest. Wan allez, daz dem vater gevallen sol oder uns ze nutze unde heil komen sol, daz muoz ime gevallen in sîme sune, und ûzer im gevellet im nihtes niht. Wan daz ist der adel, den got in die sêle gepflanzet hât, daz si ein sêlige nâtûre hât unde die gnâde von gote enpfâhen mac und daz in der gnâde daz lieht götlîcher lûterkeit in die sêle schînen mac unde daz wort in der drîvaltikeit in der vernunft sprechen mac unde daz leben der êwekeit in ir würken mac.
Die lêrer sprechent: diu sêle ist ein ûftragendiu kraft in dem gewalte des vaters und ein widerbirkender schîn in der wîsheit des suns und ein rüerender umbelouf in der süezekeit des heiligen geistes. Ouch sprichet sant Augustînus: diu sêle ist komen von dem himelischen lande ûz dem veterlîchen götlîchen herzen und ist gemachet von götlîcher minne und ist geborn von dem hôhen geslehte der heiligen drîvaltikeit und ist ein erbe des himels und ist ein gebieterinne aller crêatûre und ein besizzerinne aller der fröuden, die got geben mac in sîner êwekeit. Wan si ist ein bilde gotes und ist diu edelste crêatûre, die got ie gedâht hât. Wan got greif zwischen der gotheit unde der götlîchen nâtûre in sîn êwigez wesen unde machete die sêle von nihte, als er himel und erde von nihte hât gemachet und alliu dinc. Unde swenne man frâget, wie grôz diu sêle sî, sô sol man wizzen, daz ir grœze himel und erde niht erfüllen mac niwan got selber, den die himel aller himele niht begrîfen mügent. Dar umbe swer die sêle mezzen welle, der mezze sî nâch gote. Si ist ouch alsô schœne die wîle si in gnâden gotes ist unde sich mit sünden niht ungestalt machet, ob die obristen engel Seraphin unde Cherubin und alle heiligen sî êweclîche betrahtet hêten nâch ir gestalt unde glîchnüsse, sô enmöhten sis niht ervarn: wan si ist gotes bilde. Und nâch dem leben der zît fliuzet si wider in irn nâtûrlîchen ursprunc, von dannen si geflozzen ist, unde ie lediger si sich gehalten hât vor zîtlîchen bilden unde crêatûren, sô si ie glîcher wider in got fliuzet: wan der geist gotes ist blôz unde ledic aller materie, bilde unde formen. Dar umbe, wil diu sêle dem blôzen geiste gotes glîch werden, sô muoz si blôz unde ledic werden alles gemerkes unde prüevens der sinlîcheit und ein abescheiden haben aller dinge, diu niht got sint. Int daz solhiu blœze unde ledikeit allen geisten niht erkant ist, daz ist alleine schult unsers unerkanten lebens und unser ungeüebeten sinne. Wan allez daz guot, daz in aller crêatûre gesîn mac, daz vindet diu sêle in gote mit unschetzlîchem luste grôzer fröuden. Ouch sprichet sant Augustînus: dô allez daz in mir sweic daz in mir was, dô sprach got ein stillez wort in mîner sêle, daz verstuont nieman dan ich. Unde zuo welcher sêle daz wort gesprochen wirt, diu vergizzet aller bilde unde formen unde wirt ein inwonerinne mit gote. Dâ von ouch sant Paulus sprichet ‘von der zît unde sich daz êwige wort in mîner sêle offenbârte, dô lebte ich dem fleische noch dem bluote niht mêr.’ Wan als vil diu sêle ir selbes ledic ist, als vil ist si ouch ir selbes eigen unde gewaltic. Diu getriuwe unde minnende sêle diu tuot als diu bin, diu von manigerleie bluomen die süeze ûz ziuhet, dâ von si honic machet. Alsô nimt diu sêle von allen bluomen der tugenden von ieglîcher etwaz, dâ von si gebezzeret unde gesterket wirt. Unt daz ist ir gar nôt, wan si hât grôzer vînde drî: daz fleisch, diu welt unde den tiuvel, die an einander hangent als drîe kirschen an eime stingel. Und under den drin vienden ist der lîcham der swêriste, dar în diu sêle als in einen kerker gesetzet ist: niht daz si sîne bœse begirde volbringe, mêr: widerstê und in dem widerstên tegelîche den lôn in dem himel mêre unde hie die îngozzen minne. Dar umbe sprichet Senecâ der heidenische meister: ez ist dem menschen niht als schedelich als er selber. Wan der tôt ist gesetzet zuo dem îngange des lustes bœser begirde und ûz dem nâch volgen bœser begirde koment die wege, die uns reht ziment, der ende etwenne senkent in die tiefe der helle. Unde dar umbe wan diu sêle, diu ein frouwe des lîchames ist, sîner bœsen begirde nâch henget und im die sünde niht wert, sô vellet si in schulde unde muoz gote dar umbe genuoc tuon hie oder dort. Und ûf daz dem gerihte gotes die niht enpfliehen mügent, die ir sêle mit sünden tœtent und in fleischlîchen lüsten endent, sô sprichet er in dem wissagen Amos ‘ir sullent wizzen, daz mîn zorn über iuch gên wirt als der karren, der vor swêre krachen muoz, unde vor dem zorne enmac der snelle niht enpfliehen noch der starke enmac sîn mit sîner kraft niht überic werden noch der gewaltige enmac ez von im niht schieben. Wan wie schœne, wie starc unde wie gewaltic der man ist, sô entflühet er mir niht.’ Unt dar umbe, daz diu sêle zuo sô gar hôhen wirdigen himelischen dingen beschaffen ist, sô hât meister Eckehart von Parîs an dem ende der vorgeseiten dinge, diu ûz sîner geschrift genomen sint, sîn gebet gesetzet unde sprichet:
The teachers also say: everything that ever received image or that time ever touched does not enter the soul; and not only what received time, but also whatever received likeness. The head of the soul is the highest power; and since the time when she was created she has never been without the grace of divine light; and in this power the time in which God created the world, and the Last Day too, are as near to the soul as the time in which I am speaking now. And when the soul stands in the power of the head, she receives the benefit that all grace and blessedness possessed by all the saints become as common to her as though they were her own. For this is a certain truth: whoever truly came into this head would never commit any sin; eternal joy would also become so known to him and he would be so taught that he would need no preaching. Therefore we should raise up the head of the soul and gather ourselves into the expanse and breadth of such a power and depart from temporal things toward eternal things; then God begets in that power all that he is in power, truth, and wisdom, wholly in the soul. Indeed the soul in which grace is is pure and clean and is most like God. For everything that is to please the Father or come to us for benefit and salvation must please him in his Son, and outside him nothing pleases him. For that is the nobility that God has planted in the soul: that she has a blessed nature and can receive grace from God, and that in grace the light of divine purity can shine into the soul, and the Word in the Trinity can speak in the intellect, and the life of eternity can work in her.
The teachers say: the soul is an upbearing power in the might of the Father, a reflected brightness in the wisdom of the Son, and a stirring circuit in the sweetness of the Holy Spirit. Saint Augustine also says: the soul has come from the heavenly land, out of the paternal divine heart, and is made of divine love and is born of the high lineage of the Holy Trinity, and is an heir of heaven and a ruler over every creature and a possessor of all the joys that God can give in his eternity. For she is an image of God and is the noblest creature God ever conceived. For God reached between the Godhead and the divine nature into his eternal being and made the soul from nothing, as he made heaven and earth from nothing and all things. And when one asks how great the soul is, one should know that heaven and earth cannot fill her magnitude, but God alone, whom the heaven of heavens cannot contain. Therefore whoever wishes to measure the soul should measure her according to God. She is also so beautiful while she is in God’s grace and does not deform herself with sins, that if the highest angels Seraphim and Cherubim and all the saints contemplated her eternally according to her form and likeness, they could not fathom her, for she is God’s image. And after the life of time she flows back into her natural origin, from which she flowed; and the freer she has kept herself from temporal images and creatures, the more like she flows back into God; for God’s Spirit is bare and free of all matter, images, and forms. Therefore, if the soul wishes to become like God’s bare Spirit, she must become bare and free of every observation and testing of sensuality and have detachment from all things that are not God. And that such bareness and freedom is not known to all spirits is solely the fault of our unknowing life and our unexercised senses. For every good that can exist in all creatures the soul finds in God with the inestimable delight of greater joys. Saint Augustine also says: when everything in me that was in me fell silent, God spoke a silent Word in my soul that no one understood but I. And the soul to whom that Word is spoken forgets all images and forms and becomes an indweller with God. Therefore Saint Paul also says: ‘from the time the eternal Word revealed itself in my soul, I no longer lived according to flesh or blood.’ For as far as the soul is free of herself, so far is she also her own and powerful over herself. The faithful and loving soul does as the bee, which draws sweetness from many kinds of flowers, from which it makes honey. So too the soul takes something from every flower of the virtues, through which she is improved and strengthened. And this is greatly necessary to her, for she has three great enemies: the flesh, the world, and the devil, which hang together like three cherries on one stem. And among the three enemies the body is the hardest, in which the soul is set as in a prison: not so that she fulfill its evil desire, but rather resist it, and by resisting increase daily the reward in heaven and here the infused love. Therefore Seneca, the pagan master, says: nothing is as harmful to a human being as himself. For death is set at the entrance of the pleasure of evil desire, and from following evil desire come the paths that seem right to us, whose end sometimes sinks into the depth of hell. And therefore, when the soul, who is lady of the body, follows its evil desire and does not ward off sin from it, she falls into guilt and must make satisfaction to God for it here or there. And so that those may not escape God’s judgment who kill their soul with sins and end in fleshly pleasures, he says through the prophet Amos: ‘You shall know that my wrath will go over you like the wagon that must groan under its heavy load, and before that wrath the swift cannot flee, nor can the strong overcome it with his strength, nor can the mighty push it away from himself. For however beautiful, strong, and mighty a man is, he does not escape me.’ And because the soul is created for such exceedingly high, worthy, heavenly things, Master Eckhart of Paris has placed his prayer at the end of the preceding things taken from his writing, and says:
Ô hôher richtuom götlîcher nâtûre, zeige mir dîne wege, die dû in dîner wîsheit geordent hâst, und offen mir den gar kostlîchen schatz, dar zuo dû mich geruofet hâst: vernünfticlîchen ze verstên über alle crêatûre, ze minnen mit den engeln unde ze gebrûchen mit dîme einbornen sune unserm herren Jêsû Kristô unde ze erben dich ze enpfâhen nâch dîner êwigen wîsheit unde mich in dîner hilfe vor allem übele ze enthalten. Wan dû hâst mich erhaben über alle crêatûre unde hâst mir în gedrücket daz insigel dînes êwigen bildes unde hâst mîne sêle aller crêatûre unbegrîflich gemachet und hâst dir niht glîchers gemachet denne den menschen nâch der sêle. Sô lerne mich alsô ze halten, daz ich dîn niemer âne sî unt daz dû dîns lieplichen infliezenden werkes in mir niemer gehindert werdest und mich ouch ze keinem ûzern luste âne dich niemer gebe noch mich mit mînen gedanken mit keiner crêatûre mêr bekümbere danne mit dir. Herre, dû bist ein geist, der aller crêatûre unbegrîflich ist, und vergeistest die sêle, daz si in irm geistlîchen eigen über alle crêatûre geordent ist, ûf daz si dir, êwigiu wîsheit, müge nâch dîme götlîchen willen genuoc sîn und in gnâden von allen în gezogenen ungeordenten bilden erlediget werde. Wan dû hâst dir selber die sêle nâtûrlîch geeigent unde glîch geordent; dar umbe behalt sî, daz in ir niht müge stat haben dan dû alleine. O dar umbe, almehtiger unde barmherziger schepfer unde güetiger herre, erbarme dich über mich sünder unde hilf mir, daz ich alle hinderhuote überwinden müge und ir ansuochunge unde schedelîche lüste, unt daz ich volkomenlîchen vermîden müge in gedanken und in werken waz dû verbiutest, unde gib mir ze tuon unde ze halten allez daz dû geboten hâst unde hilf mir ze gelouben, ze hoffen unde ze minnen und in aller wîse ze leben als dû wilt unde wie vil dû wilt unde waz dû wilt. Herre, verlîch mir die riuwe der diemüetikeit und ein bescheiden abebrechen fleischlîcher tœtunge unde dich ze minnen, ze loben unde ze betrahten unde zeime iegelîchen werke unde gedanken, die nâch dir sint. Verlîch mir ein reinez, mêzigez und andêhtigez wârhaftes gemüete und ein würkelîche erkantnüsse dîner gebot unde dar zuo minne unde lust, sie lîhte ze vollebringen. Herre, verlîch mir alwege ein diemüetigez zuonemen zuo bezzern dingen unde niemer ein abenemen. Ô mîn herre, verhenge mir niht, daz ich mich verlâze ûf mîn eigene kraft noch ûf menschlîche ungewisheit unde krankeit nâch mînem verdienen, mêr: alleine nâch dîner güetigen schickunge. Unt dar umbe, herre, schicke mich in güete selber unde mîne gedanken und alliu mîniu werc in dîn gevallen, alsô daz von mîn selbes wegen in mir unde von mir alwege dîn wille geschehe und ich erlôst werde von allem übel unde brâht werde zuo dem êwigen lebenne, dâ dû drîveltig in der persône bist und einig in dem wesen götlîcher nâtûre, daz ist vater, sun, heilic geist und êwiclich gesegenter almehtiger got. Âmen.
O lofty riches of divine nature, show me your ways, which you have ordered in your wisdom, and reveal to me the most precious treasure to which you have called me: to understand intellectually above all creatures, to love with the angels, and to enjoy with your only-begotten Son, our Lord Jesus Christ, and to receive you as inheritance according to your eternal wisdom and to be preserved by your help from every evil. For you have raised me above every creature and have impressed upon me the seal of your eternal image and have made my soul incomprehensible to every creature, and have made nothing more like yourself than the human being according to the soul. Teach me therefore to conduct myself so that I may never be without you and that you may never be hindered in me in your loving inflowing work; and that I may never give myself to any outward delight without you, nor occupy my thoughts with any creature more than with you. Lord, you are a spirit incomprehensible to every creature, and you spiritualize the soul so that in her spiritual ownness she is ordered above every creature, that she may be sufficient to you, eternal Wisdom, according to your divine will and by grace be freed from all disordered images drawn into her. For you have naturally appropriated the soul to yourself and ordered her like yourself; therefore preserve her, so that nothing may have a place in her except you alone. O therefore, almighty and merciful Creator and gracious Lord, have mercy on me, a sinner, and help me that I may overcome every hindrance and its assault and harmful pleasures, and that I may perfectly avoid in thoughts and works whatever you forbid, and grant me to do and keep everything you have commanded, and help me to believe, to hope, and to love, and to live in every way as you will, as much as you will, and what you will. Lord, grant me the repentance of humility and a discerning breaking-off of fleshly mortification, and to love you, praise you, contemplate you, and in every work and thought that accords with you. Grant me a pure, moderate, devout, truthful mind and an active knowledge of your commandments, and with this love and delight to fulfill them easily. Lord, grant me always a humble increase toward better things and never a decrease. O my Lord, do not permit me to rely on my own strength or on human uncertainty and weakness according to my deserving, but only according to your gracious ordering. And therefore, Lord, order me yourself in goodness, and my thoughts and all my works in your pleasure, so that on my own account your will may always happen in me and from me, and I may be redeemed from every evil and brought to eternal life, where you are threefold in Person and one in the being of divine nature, that is Father, Son, Holy Spirit, and eternally blessed almighty God. Amen.