← Back to Overview

Tractate — Chapter 5

Tractate — Chapter 5Middle High German + EnglishAbout this edition

Original Source (Middle High German)
English Translation
DAZ BUOCH DER GÖTLÎCHEN TROESTUNGE.
Benedictus deus et pater domini nostri Jesu Kristi etc. (2. Cor. I, 2.).

Der edel lêrer sanctus Paulus der sprichet disiu wort alsô in sîner epistel ‘gesegenet sî got unde der vater unsers herren Jêsû Kristî, ein vater der barmherzikeit unt got alles trôstes, der uns trœstet in allem unserm betrüepnisse.’ Nû ist drîerleie betrüepnisse, daz den menschen anvallet unde trenget in disem ellende. Einez ist an dem schaden ûzerlîches guotes. Daz ander ist an sînen liebsten friunden. Daz dritte ist an im selben an smâcheit, an ungemach und an smerzen des lîbes und an leit des herzen.

Her umbe sô hân ich willen an disem buoche ze lêren etliche lêre, in der sich der mensche trœsten mag in allem sînem ungemache, betrüepnisse unde leide. Unde hât man etliche wârheit dar ûz unde dâ von genomen, daz den menschen billîchen unde genzlîchen getrœsten mag in allem sînem leide, dar nâch vindet man bî drîzic sachen unt lêre, in der ieclîcher alleine sich der mensche wol getrœsten mac, unde dar nâch vindet man in dem dritten teile des buoches bilde und lêre an worten unt werken, die wîse liute hânt getân unde gesprochen, als sie wâren in leide.

THE BOOK OF DIVINE CONSOLATION.
Blessed be God and the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, etc. (2 Cor. I, 2.).

The noble teacher Saint Paul speaks these words in his epistle: ‘Blessed be God and the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, a Father of mercy and the God of all consolation, who comforts us in all our distress.’ Now there are three kinds of distress that assail and press upon a person in this exile. One concerns the loss of outward goods. The second concerns his dearest friends. The third concerns himself: disgrace, adversity, pain of the body, and sorrow of the heart.

Therefore it is my intention in this book to teach certain teachings by which a person may be comforted in all his adversity, distress, and suffering. Some truths have been taken from it and from this subject that can rightly and wholly console a person in all his suffering; after this one finds about thirty matters and teachings, in each of which by itself a person may find good consolation; and afterward, in the third part of the book, one finds examples and teachings in the words and deeds of wise people, what they did and said when they were in suffering.

1.

Von dem êrsten sol man wizzen, daz der wîse unde wîsheit, wâr unt wârheit, guot unt güeti, gerehtekeit unde gereht sich einander an sehent. Diu güeti ist niht gemachet noch geschaffen noch geboren: si ist gebernde unt gebirt den guoten, unde der guote, alsô verre als er guot ist, ist ungemachet, ungeschaffen, mêr: unt doch geboren kint unde sun der güeti. Diu güeti gebirt sich und allez, daz si ist, in dem guoten wesenne. Wizzen, minnen unt würken giuzet si alzemâle in den guoten, unt der guote nimet allez sîn wesen, wizzen, minnen unde würken von dem innigôsten der güeti unt von ir alleine. Guot unt güeti sint niht mê denne ein güeti alleine, sunder geborn gebernde unt doch geboren kint der güeti unde geboren werden. In dem guoten ist alleine ein wesen, ein leben. Allez, daz des guoten ist, daz nimet er beidiu von der güeti unt in der güeti. Unde dâ von ist unt lebet unt wonet er unde dâ bekennet er sich selben unt allez, daz er bekennet unde minnet, allez daz minnet unde würket er mit der güeti, in der güeti unt diu güeti mit ime unt in ime aller werke, nâch dem als beschrieben stêt. Unde sprichet der sun ‘der vater in mir inne blîbende unt wonende würket diu werc. Der vater würket biz nû unt ich würke. Allez, daz des vaters ist, daz ist ist mîn; allez, daz mîn ist, daz ist mînes vaters: sîn geben ist mîn nemen.’

Doch sol man wizzen, daz der name oder daz wort besliuzet in ime niht anders weder minre noch mê denne blôz unde lûter güeti. Doch gît ez, sô wir sprechen guot, unt vernimet man, daz sîn güeti ist ime gegeben înfliezende unde geboren von der ungeboren güeti, und her umbe sprichet daz êwangelium ‘als der vater hât daz leben in im selben, alsô hât er gegeben dem sune, daz er habe daz selbe leben ouch in im selbe.’ Er sprichet: in ime selber, niht von ime selben, wan der vater hât ez ime gegeben.

1.

Concerning the first, one should know that the wise and wisdom, the true and truth, the good and goodness, righteousness and the righteous stand in relation to one another. Goodness is not made, nor created, nor born: it is begetting and begets the good; and the good, insofar as he is good, is unmade and uncreated, and yet is a begotten child and son of goodness. Goodness begets itself and all that it is in the being of the good. Knowledge, love, and working it pours wholly into the good, and the good receives all his being, knowledge, love, and working from the innermost of goodness and from it alone. The good and goodness are no more than one goodness alone, but goodness begets and the good is nevertheless the begotten child of goodness and a being-born. In the good there is only one being, one life. Everything that belongs to the good he receives both from goodness and in goodness. From it he is and lives and dwells, and there he knows himself; and all that he knows and loves, all that he loves and works, he does with goodness and in goodness, and goodness works all her works with him and in him, as it stands written. And the Son says: ‘The Father, abiding and dwelling in me, works the works. The Father works until now, and I work. All that is the Father’s is mine; all that is mine is my Father’s: his giving is my receiving.’

Yet one should know that the name or word includes within itself neither less nor more than bare and pure goodness. When we say ‘good,’ it signifies that his goodness has been given to him, flowing into him and born from unbegotten goodness. Therefore the Gospel says: ‘As the Father has life in himself, so he has given to the Son that he too should have that same life in himself.’ It says: in himself, not from himself, for the Father has given it to him.

Allez, daz ich nû hân gesprochen von dem guoten unde von der güeti, daz ist ouch gelîch wâr von dem wâren unt von der wârheit, von dem gerehten unt von gerehtikeit, von dem wîsen unde von wîsheit, von gotes sune unde gote dem vater, von allem dem, daz von gote geboren ist unt daz niht enhât keinen vater ûf ertrîche, in daz sich ouch niht gebirt allez, daz geschaffen ist. Allez, daz got niht enist, in dem ouch kein bilde niht enist denne got blôz lûter alleine.

Wan alsô sô sprichet ouch sant Johannes in sînem êwangeliô, daz allen den ist gegeben maht unde mügent gotes süne werden, die niht von bluote noch von dem willen des vleisches noch von mannes willen, sunder von gote und ûz gote alleine geboren sint.

Everything I have now said of the good and of goodness is equally true of the true and truth, of the righteous and righteousness, of the wise and wisdom, of God’s Son and God the Father, and of everything that is born from God and has no father on earth, into which nothing that is created is born. Whatever is not God is not there; nor is there any image there except God, bare, pure, and alone.

Thus Saint John also says in his Gospel that to all those power and might have been given to become God’s sons who are born not of blood, nor of the will of the flesh, nor of the will of man, but of God and from God alone.

Bî dem bluote meinet er allez, daz an dem menschen niht undertênic ist des menschen willen. Bî des vleisches willen meinet er allez, daz in dem menschen sînem willen undertênic ist unt doch mit einem widerstrîte unde neigunge nâch des vleisches begerunge, unt ist gemeine der sêle unt dem lîbe und enist niht eigentlichen in der sêle alleine; unt dâ von werdent die krefte müede unt kranc. Bî dem willen des mannes meinet sant Johannes die hœhsten krefte der sêle der nâtûre, unt ir werc ist unvermischt mit dem vleische unt stât in der sêle lûterkeit abe gescheiden von zît unde von stat unde von allem dem, daz zuo zît unt stat keine zuoversiht hât oder smac, daz mit nihte niht gemein hât, in dem der mensche nâch gote gebildet ist, an dem der mensche gotes geslehte ist unde gotes sippe. Unt doch, wan sie got selben niht ensint unt in der sêle unt mit der sêle geschaffen sint, sô muoz si ir selbes entbildet werden und in gote alleine überbildet, in gote unt ûz gote geboren werden, daz got alleine vater sî. Wan alsô sint sie ouch süne unt gotes eingeboren süne.

Wan alles des bin ich sun, daz mich nâch ime unt in sich gelîche bildet unde gebirt. Ein sôgetâner mensche ist gotes sun, guot der güeti sun, gereht sun der gerehtikeit. Alsô verre als er alleine sun ist, sô ist er ungeboren gebernde, unt er geboren sun hât daz selbe wesen, daz diu gerehtikeit hât, und ist unt tritet in alle die eigenschaft der gerehtikeit unde wârheit. Ûz aller dirre lêre, diu in dem heiligen êwangeliô beschrieben ist unde sicherlichen bekant, in dem nâtûrlichen liehte der vernünftigen sêle vindet der mensche gewâren trôst alles sînes leides.

By ‘blood’ he means everything in a person that is not subject to the person’s will. By ‘the will of the flesh’ he means everything in a person that is subject to his will yet with resistance and an inclination toward the desire of the flesh; this is common to soul and body and is not properly in the soul alone, and from this the powers become weary and weak. By ‘the will of man’ Saint John means the highest natural powers of the soul, whose work is unmixed with the flesh and stands in the soul’s purity, detached from time and place and from everything that has any expectation or savor of time and place, having nothing in common with these things; in this the human being is formed according to God, is of God’s lineage and kin. Yet because these powers are not God himself, but are created in the soul and with the soul, they must be stripped of their own form and transformed in God alone, born in God and from God, so that God alone may be their Father. Thus they too are sons and God’s only-begotten Son.

For I am the son of all that forms me in its likeness and begets me into itself. Such a person is God’s son: the good is the son of goodness, the righteous the son of righteousness. Insofar as he is only son, righteousness is unbegotten and begetting, and he, the begotten son, has the same being that righteousness has and enters into all the properties of righteousness and truth. From all this teaching, which is written in the holy Gospel and is certainly known in the natural light of the intellectual soul, a person finds true consolation for all his suffering.

Sant Augustînus sprichet: got enist niht verre noch lange. Wilt dû, daz er dir niht verre noch lange sî, sô füege dich zuo gote; wan dâ sint tûsent jâr als der tac, der hiute ist. Alsô sprich ich: in gote ist niht trûrikeit noch leit noch ungemach. Wiltû ledic sîn alles ungemaches unde leides, sô halte dich unde kêre dich in got unt zuo gote alleine. Sicherlîchen, allez leit daz kumet dâ von, daz dû dich niht enkêrest in got noch zuo gote alleine. Unde stüendist dû in gerehtikeit gebildet alleine unt geboren, wêrlîchen, dich enmöhte alsô wênic iht leidic machen, als ouch diu gerehtikeit got selben.

Salomôn sprichet ‘den gerehten betrüebet niht allez daz ime beschehen mac.’ Er sprichet niht: den gerehten menschen noch den gerehten engel noch diz noch daz, swaz des gerehten ihtes ist, sunder daz sîn gereht ist unde daz er gereht ist, daz ist sun unde hât vater ûf ertrîche unde crêatûre und ist gemachet unde geschaffen; wan sîn vater ist crêatûre gemachet oder geschaffen, aber gereht lûter, wan daz niht geschaffen noch gemachet vater hât unt gerehtikeit got alleine ist. Dar umbe mac leit unt ungemach alsô wênig in in gevallen als in got. Gerehtikeit mac in niht leidic gemachen, wan alliu fröude, liebi unt wunne ist gerehtikeit, und ouch wan machôti gerehtikeit den gerehten leidic, sô machete si sich selber leidic. Ungelîch unt ungereht enmöhte niht machen noch ouch schaffen den gerehten leidic, wan allez, daz geschaffen ist, daz ist verre under ime unt hât niht enkeinen îndruk noch înfluz in dem gerehten noch gebirt sich niht in in, des vater got alleine ist.

Saint Augustine says: God is neither far away nor distant. If you wish him not to be far or distant from you, conform yourself to God; for there a thousand years are as the day that is today. Thus I say: in God there is no sadness, suffering, or adversity. If you wish to be free of all adversity and suffering, hold yourself to God and turn into God and toward God alone. Assuredly, all suffering comes from this, that you do not turn into God and toward God alone. And if you stood formed and born in righteousness alone, truly nothing could make you suffer any more than righteousness could make God himself suffer.

Solomon says: ‘Nothing that may befall the righteous saddens him.’ He does not say: the righteous human being, nor the righteous angel, nor this or that, whatever belongs in any way to the righteous; rather, whatever is his and the fact that he is righteous are as son and have a father on earth and are creature, made and created, for their father is creature, made or created. But ‘righteous’ in pure simplicity has no created or made father, and righteousness is God alone. Therefore suffering and adversity can enter into the righteous no more than into God. Righteousness cannot make him suffer, for all joy, delight, and bliss are righteousness; and if righteousness could make the righteous suffer, it would make itself suffer. What is unlike and unrighteous could neither make nor cause the righteous to suffer, for everything created is far beneath him and has no impression or inflow in the righteous, nor is it begotten in him whose Father is God alone.

Her umbe sol der mensche geflîzen sîn, daz er sich entbilde sîn selbes unt aller crêatûre noch keinen vater wizze denne got alleine. Sô enmac in niht leidic machen noch betrüeben, weder got noch crêatûre, weder geschaffen noch ungeschaffen, und allez sîn wesen, leben, bekennen unde minnen unde wizzen ist ûz got und in got unt got. Noch ist ein anderz, daz man wizzen sol, daz ouch den menschen trœstet in allem sînem ungemache. Daz ist daz sicherlichen, daz der gereht unde guot mensche sich fröuwet ungelîche, jâ unt unspreclîchen mê in dem werke der gerehtikeit, denne er oder ouch der oberste engele wunne hât unt fröude in sînem nâtûrlichem wesenne oder lebenne. Unt her umbe gâben die heiligen frœlîchen ir leben dur die gerehtikeit.

Nû sprich ich: sô dem guoten unde gerehten menschen schade beschiht ûzerlîchen, unt ist, daz er belîbet gelîches gemuot unt in friden sînes herzen unbeweget, sô ist wâr, daz ich gesprochen hân, daz den gerehten niht betrüebet von allem dem, daz ime beschiht. Unt ist aber, daz er betrüebet wirt von dem ûzerlîchen schaden, wêrlîchen, sô ist gar billîchen unde gotes reht, daz got verhenget hêt, daz der schade dem menschen ist beschehen, der dâ wolte und ouch wânde gereht sîn unt in noch sô kleiniu dinc betrüeben mohten. Unt ist ez denne reht gotes, wêrlîchen, sô sol er sich niht betrüeben, sunder er sol sich fröuwen vil mê denne sînes eigenen lebennes, des sich der mensche doch mê fröuwet unt werder ist einem ieclîchen menschen denne alliu disiu welt; wan waz hilfet den menschen alliu diu welt, sô er niht mê enwêre?

Therefore a person should strive to strip himself of himself and of every creature and know no father except God alone. Then nothing can make him suffer or sadden him, neither God nor creature, neither created nor uncreated; and all his being, life, knowing, loving, and knowledge are from God, in God, and God. There is yet another thing one should know that also comforts a person in all his adversity. It is this: assuredly, the righteous and good person rejoices incomparably—indeed, unspeakably—more in the work of righteousness than he, or even the highest angel, has delight and joy in his natural being or life. Therefore the saints gladly gave their lives for righteousness.

Now I say: if outward loss befalls the good and righteous person, and he remains of equal mind and unmoved in the peace of his heart, then what I have said is true: the righteous person is not saddened by anything that happens to him. But if he is saddened by the outward loss, then truly it is entirely fitting and according to God’s righteousness that God permitted the loss to befall the person who wished and imagined himself righteous, yet could still be troubled by so small a thing. And if it is God’s righteousness, truly he should not be saddened, but should rejoice in it far more than in his own life, in which a person nevertheless rejoices more and which is dearer to every person than all this world; for what would all the world profit a person if he no longer existed?

Daz dritte wort, daz man wizzen mac unde sol, ist daz: in nâtûrlîcher wârheit ein einiger brunne unde lebendiu âder aller güeti weslîcher wârheit unt ganzes trôstes ist got alleine, unde allez, daz got niht enist, hât in ime selbe nâtûrlîche bitterkeit und untrôst unt leit, unt leit nihtes niht zuo der güeti, diu von got ist und got alleine ist, sunder si minret unde bedecket unt verbirget die süezikeit unt die wunne unt den trôst, den got gît.

Nû spriche ich für baz, daz allez leit kumet von liebi des, daz mir schade hât benomen. Ist mir denne schade ûzerlîcher dinge leit, daz ist ein wâr zeichen, daz ich minne ûzerlîchiu dinc unt minne wêrlîchen leit unt untrôst. Waz wunders ist denne daz, daz ich leidic wirde, sô ich doch leit unt untrôst minne unt daz ouch mîn herze suochet unde mîn minne gît daz guot der crêatûre, daz gotes eigen ist? Ich kêre mich zuo der crêatûre, von der untrôst von nâtûre kumet, unt kêre mich von dannen, von dem trôst unde fröude von nâtûre kumet: waz wunders ist daz denne, daz ich leidic unt trûric wirde unde bin? Wêrlîchen, unmüglich ist gote unt aller der welte, daz der mensche gewâren trôst vinde, der trôst suochet an den crêatûren. Der aber got minnet alleine in der crêatûre und die crêatûren in got alleine, der vindet gewâren unt rehten unde gelîchen trôst allenthalben.

The third point that one can and should know is this: in natural truth, God alone is the one fountain and living vein of all goodness, essential truth, and complete consolation; and everything that is not God has in itself natural bitterness, lack of consolation, and suffering, and contributes nothing whatsoever to the goodness that comes from God and is God alone, but rather diminishes, covers, and conceals the sweetness, delight, and consolation that God gives.

I say further that all suffering comes from love of that which loss has taken from me. If the loss of outward things grieves me, that is a true sign that I love outward things and thus truly love suffering and lack of consolation. What wonder is it, then, that I suffer, since I love suffering and lack of consolation, since my heart seeks them and my love gives to the creature the good that is God’s own? I turn toward the creature, from which lack of consolation comes by nature, and turn away from the one from whom consolation and joy come by nature: what wonder is it, then, that I become and remain sorrowful and sad? Truly, it is impossible for God and for all the world that a person should find true consolation while seeking consolation in creatures. But whoever loves God alone in the creature, and creatures in God alone, finds true, right, and equal consolation everywhere.

2.

Nû volgent her nâch von den stücken als bî drîzigen, der dâ ieclîchez alleine billichen trœsten sol den redelîchen menschen an sînem leide. Daz ein ist: allez ungemach unt schade ist niht sunder gemach unde kein schade ist niht lûter schade, unt dar umbe sprichet sant Paulus, daz gotes triuwe unt sîn eigen weslîchiu güeti enlîdet des niht, daz kein leit unde bekorunge unlîdelîchen unt ze überswenclîchen sî. Er gît unt machet alle zîte etwaz trôstes, dâ mit man sich behelfen mac; wan ez sprechent ouch die heiligen unde die heidenschen meister, daz got unt nâtûre lîdet des niht, daz lûter bœs oder leit müge sîn noch gewesen.

Nû setze ich, daz ein mensche hât hundert marc, der verliuret ez vierzic unt behaltet ime diu sehzic, wil der mensche alle zît gedenken an die vierzic, die er hât verloren, sô belîbet er ungetrôst und riuwec. Wie möhte der iemer getrœstet sîn unt âne leit, der sich kêret zuo dem schaden unt leit? unt bildet daz in sich unde siht dar în unde sihet daz an mit leide unt sprichet mit sînem schaden unt der schade kôset wider in unde sihet daz an von antlütze ze antlütze? Unt wêri aber, daz er sich kêrti ûf die sehzic marc, die er noch hât, unt kêrti den rugge den vierzigen, die verloren sint, unt widerbildeti sich in die sehzic unt sêhi die an unt kôseti mit in, sô würde er sicherlichen getrœstet. Daz iht ist unt guot ist daz mac trœsten, daz aber niht ist noch niht guot ist unde daz mîn niht ist unt mir verloren ist, daz muoz von nôt leit und untrôst geben unde betrüebtnis. Dar umbe sprichet Salomôn ‘in den tagen der leide unde der betrüebede vergiz niht der tage der güeti unt der lüsten.’ Daz ist alsô vil gesprochen: sô dû bist in leide unt in ungemache, sô gedenke des guoten unt des gemaches, daz dû noch vor dir hâst, unt behalt ez dir zuo dînem nutze. Und ouch sol daz den menschen trœsten, ob er gedenken wil, wie vil tûsent der sint unt hêtin sie sehzic marc, die dû noch hâst, sie dûhti, daz sie herren unde frouwen wêrîn unde daz sie rîche wêrîn, unt wêrîn von herzen frô unt vil dankbêr gote.

2.

Now there follow some thirty points, each of which by itself should rightly comfort the rational person in suffering. The first is this: no adversity or loss is without some ease, and no loss is pure loss. Therefore Saint Paul says that God’s faithfulness and his own essential goodness do not permit any suffering or temptation to be unbearable or excessive. He always gives and makes some consolation by which one may be helped; for the saints and the pagan masters also say that God and nature do not permit there to be or to have been pure evil or suffering.

Now suppose that a person has a hundred marks, loses forty, and keeps sixty. If he keeps thinking all the time about the forty he has lost, he remains without consolation and sorrowful. How could one ever be comforted and without suffering who turns toward the loss and suffering, forms it within himself and looks into it, regards it with sorrow, speaks with his loss, while the loss speaks back to him, and they look at one another face to face? But if he were to turn toward the sixty marks he still has, turn his back on the forty that are lost, form himself again in the sixty, look at them, and converse with them, then he would surely be comforted. What exists and is good can comfort; but what does not exist and is not good, what is not mine and is lost to me, must necessarily bring suffering, lack of consolation, and distress. Therefore Solomon says: ‘In the days of suffering and distress do not forget the days of goodness and delight.’ This means: when you are in suffering and adversity, remember the good and the ease that you still have before you and keep it for your benefit. It should also comfort a person to consider how many thousands there are who, if they had the sixty marks that you still have, would think themselves lords and ladies and rich, and would be glad at heart and very thankful to God.

Noch ist aber ein anderz, daz den menschen trœsten sol. Ist er siech und in grôzem smerzen sînes lîbes, doch hât er atz hûse sîn nôtdurft an spîse unde an tranke unt an rât der erzenîen unt an dem dienste sînes gesindes, an klage, an bîwesen sîner friunde. Wie sol der tuon? Wie tuont arme liute, die daz selbe unt noch mê grœzer ungemach hânt unt habent nieman, der in kaltez wazzer gebe? Sie müezent daz blôze brôt suochen in regen, in snê, in grôzer kelti von hûs ze hûs. Dar umbe unde wilt dû getrœstet werden, sô vergiz der, den dâ baz ist, unt gedenke allez an die, den dâ wirser ist.

Für baz sô spriche ich: allez leit kumet von liebi unt minne; wan minne unt liebi ist leides anevanc unt ûzgang. Dar umbe hân ich leit umbe zerganclîchiu dinc, sô hân ich unt hete noch liep unt minne der zerganclîcher dinge unde hâte got niht von allem mînem herzen liep unt minne noch niht, daz got wil von mir hân unt sich mit geminnet wizzen. Waz wunders ist denne daz, daz got verhenget, daz ich gar billichen schaden und leit lîde?

There is still something else that should comfort a person. If he is sick and in great bodily pain, yet at home he has what he needs in food and drink, medical counsel, the service of his household, sympathy, and the company of his friends. What should he do? What do poor people do who have the same adversity or even greater and have no one to give them cold water? They must seek bare bread from house to house in rain, snow, and great cold. Therefore, if you wish to be comforted, forget those who are better off and think only of those who are worse off than you.

Further I say: all suffering comes from attachment and love; for love and attachment are the beginning and end of suffering. Therefore, if I suffer over transitory things, then I still have attachment and love for transitory things and do not love God with all my heart, nor yet love what God wishes me to have and to know as loved together with himself. What wonder is it then if God permits me quite rightly to suffer loss and suffering?

Sant Augustînus sprichet: herre, ich enwolte dich niht verlieren, ich wolte aber mit dir besitzen die crêatûren; daz was von mîner gîtikeit wegen, unt dar umbe verlôs ich dich: wan dir ist unmære, daz man mit dir dich wârheit die valschen crêatûren besitze. Er sprichet ouch anderswâ, daz der valsche gîtic ist. Den an got alleine niht benüeget, wie möhte den benüegen gotes gâbe an den crêatûren, den an got unt mit gote niht benüeget? Einen guoten menschen sol niht benüegen noch trœsten, sunder ime sol ein pîne sîn allez, daz gote frömde unt ungelîch ist; er sol alle zît sprechen ‘herre got unt mîn trôst, unde wîsest dû mich ûf iht denne zuo dir, sô gip mir einen andern dich.’ Dô unser herre gelopte herren Moisen allez guot unde sante in in daz heilige lant, daz dâ bezeichnet himelrîche, dô seite Moises ‘ô herre, niht sende mich, dû wellest denne selber mite komen.’

Alliu neigunge, lust und minne kumet von dem, daz ime gelîch ist; wan alliu dinc neigent unde minnent sich selben gelîchelîche. Der reine mensche minnet alle reinikeit, der gerehte minnet unt neiget zuo der gerehtikeit, der munt der menschen sprichet von dem, daz ime innic ist. Alsô sprichet unser herre, daz der munt sprichet von vülli des herzen. unde Salomôn sprichet, daz des menschen arbeit ist ime in dem munde. Dar umbe ist daz ein wârez zeichen, daz niht got ist in des menschen herzen, sunder diu tœtlîchiu unt zîtlîchiu crêatûre, daz noch ûzer neigunge unt trôst suochet unt vindet. Unt dar umbe sol sich ein guoter mensche vil sêre schamen vor gote unt in ime selben, daz er noch gewar wirt, daz got niht in ime ist unt daz got der vater niht in ime würket, sunder diu leidic crêatûre noch in ime lebet unt würket. Dar umbe sprichet Dâvît in dem salter unt claget ez ‘trêheren wâren mîn trôst tac unt naht, alle die wîle, daz man sprechen mohte: wâ ist dîn got?’ wan neigunge ûf ûzerheit unt an untrôste lust unt trôst vinden unt von dem mit lust geren unde vil reden, daz ist ein wârez zeichen, daz got in mich niht schînet, niht würket. Noch mê solt er sich schamen vor guoten liuten, daz sie des an ime gewar würdin. Ein guot mensche sol niemer schaden geclagen noch leit, er sol daz alleine clagen, daz er der clage unt des leides in ime gewar wirt.

Saint Augustine says: ‘Lord, I did not wish to lose you, but I wished to possess creatures together with you; that was because of my greed, and therefore I lost you, for it is displeasing to you that one should possess false creatures together with you, who are truth.’ Elsewhere he also says that the greedy person is false. If God alone does not satisfy someone, how could God’s gift in creatures satisfy one whom God, and God together with his gifts, does not satisfy? Nothing should satisfy or comfort a good person; rather, everything that is alien and unlike to God should be a pain to him. He should always say: ‘Lord God and my consolation, if you direct me toward anything other than yourself, then give me another you.’ When our Lord promised Moses every good thing and sent him into the Holy Land, which signifies the kingdom of heaven, Moses said: ‘O Lord, do not send me unless you yourself come with me.’

Every inclination, delight, and love comes from likeness, for all things incline toward and love what is like themselves. The pure person loves all purity; the righteous person loves and inclines toward righteousness; a person’s mouth speaks from what is inwardly within him. Thus our Lord says that the mouth speaks from the fullness of the heart, and Solomon says that a person’s labor is in his mouth. Therefore it is a true sign that not God but the mortal and temporal creature is in a person’s heart if he still seeks and finds outward inclination and consolation. And therefore a good person should be deeply ashamed before God and within himself when he becomes aware that God is not yet in him and that God the Father is not working in him, but rather the miserable creature still lives and works in him. Therefore David says in the Psalter and laments: ‘Tears were my consolation day and night, all the while that one could say: Where is your God?’ For inclination toward outward things, finding delight and consolation in what is without consolation, eagerly desiring it and speaking much about it, is a true sign that God neither shines nor works in me. He should be still more ashamed before good people if they become aware of this in him. A good person should never lament loss or suffering; he should lament only that he becomes aware in himself of lamentation and suffering.

Die meister sprechent, daz undenen an dem himele ist fiur, wît unt vil unt sunder mitel, kreftic in sîner hitze, unt doch wirt der himel von ime niht berüeret alzemâle. Nû sprichet ein andriu schrift, daz daz niderôste der sêle ist edeler denne des himels hœhste. Wie mac denne der mensche sich vermeẓzen, daz er ein himelischer mensche sî unt daz sîn herze in dem himele sîe, der noch berüeret wirt unt leidic von sô kleinen dingen? Nû sprich ich ein anderz. Ein guot mensche mac niht sîn, der dâ niht wil, daz got sunderlîchen wil; wan ime gelîche ist, daz got ihtes welle denne guot; und sunderlîchen in dem und von dem, daz ez got wil, sô wirt ez unt ist von nôt guot unt ouch daz beste, unt dar umbe lêrte unser herre die apostelen unt uns in in unt wir biten alle tage, daz geschehe gotes wille, unt doch, wenne gotes wille kumet unt gewirdet, sô clagen wir unde sîn trûrig unt betrüebet.

Senecâ ein heidenscher meister vrâget: waz ist der beste trôst in lîdenne unt in ungemach, unt sprichet: daz ist, daz der mensche alliu dinc neme, als ob er des gewünschet unde gebeten habe, ob dû hêtist gewünschet unt ouch bêtest, daz alliu dinc von gotes willen beschehen, unt ob ez beschiht, daz enzürne niht. Ez sprichet ein heidenscher meister: herzoge unt obrôster vater unt ein einiger herre des hôhen himeles, allez, daz dû wilt, des bin ich bereit: gip mir willen unt den willen nâch dîme willen.’

The masters say that beneath heaven there is fire, broad and abundant and without means, powerful in its heat, and yet heaven is not touched by it at all. Another writing says that the lowest part of the soul is nobler than the highest part of heaven. How then can a person presume that he is a heavenly person and that his heart is in heaven if he is still touched and made sorrowful by such small things? Now I say something else. A person cannot be good who does not will exactly what God wills; for it is impossible that God should will anything other than good, and precisely in and because God wills it, it necessarily becomes and is good and also the best. Therefore our Lord taught the apostles, and us in them, and we pray every day that God’s will be done; and yet, when God’s will comes and is accomplished, we complain and are sad and distressed.

Seneca, a pagan master, asks: what is the best consolation in suffering and adversity? He says: it is that a person should receive all things as though he had wished and prayed for them, since you would have wished and also prayed that all things should happen by God’s will; and if it happens, do not be angry. A pagan master says: ‘Ruler and highest Father and one Lord of the high heaven, all that you will, for that I am ready: give me a will and the will according to your will.’

Ein guoter mensche sol des gote wol getrûwen, gelouben unt ouch gewis sîn unt got sô guoten wizzen, daz ez unmügelîchen gote sî und sîner güeti unt minne, daz er möhti lîden, daz dem menschen kein lîden oder leit zuo kome, eintweders er wölte dem menschen vil grœzer leit dâ mite benemen oder ouch ûf ertrîche grœzlîcher trœsten oder etwaz vil bezzers dâ von unt dar ûz machen unt dâ gotes êre mêr unt grœzlîcher an lige. Unt doch, wie daz sî in dem alleine, daz ez gotes wille ist, daz ez beschehe, sô sol des guoten menschen wille alsô in gotes unt mit gotes willen ein unt geeiniget sîn, daz der mensche daz selbe mit gote welle, nochdenne ez sîn schade unt ouch sîn verdüemnüsse wære. Dar umbe wünschet sant Paulus, daz er von gote gesundert wære dur got unt dur gotes willen unt dur gotes êre.

Ein reht volkomen mensche sol sich selben sô tôt gewenet sîn unt sich selben entbildet in gote unt in gotes willen sô überbildet, daz doch alle sîn sêlikeit ist, sich selben unt allez umbe niht wizze unt got alleine wizze, niht wellen noch ouch willen wizze denne gotes wellen unt willen wizze, alsô got bekennen, als got niht bekennen. Als sant Paulus sprichet ‘got bekennet allez daz er bekennet unde wil minnen allez daz er minnet unde wil in sich selben sîn selbes willen.’ Unser herre sprichet, daz êwic leben ist bekennen alleine.

A good person should trust God well, believe, and also be certain and know God to be so good that it is impossible for God and for his goodness and love to permit any suffering or sorrow to come upon a person unless either he wished thereby to take away from the person a much greater suffering, or to give him greater consolation on earth, or to make from it and out of it something much better in which God’s honor would lie more and more greatly. Yet however that may be, in this alone, that it is God’s will that it should happen, the good person’s will should be so one and united in God’s will and with God’s will that the person wills the same thing with God, even though it were his loss and even his damnation. Therefore Saint Paul wished that he were separated from God for God’s sake and for God’s will and for God’s honor.

A truly perfect person should be so accustomed to being dead to himself, so stripped of his own image in God and so transformed into God’s will, that all his blessedness consists in knowing nothing of himself and of anything, and in knowing God alone, willing nothing and knowing no will except God’s willing and will, to know God as God does not know. As Saint Paul says: ‘God knows all that he knows and wills to love all that he loves and wills in himself his own will.’ Our Lord says that eternal life is knowledge alone.

Dar umbe sprechent die meister, daz die sêligen in himelrîche die crêatûren bekennent blôz aller bilde der crêatûre, die sie bekennent in dem einigen bilde, daz got ist unt dâ sich selben unt alliu dinc got weiz unt minnet unde wil unt dâ lêret uns beten unde begeren got selben. Dâ wir sprechen: vater unser, der dâ ist in den himelen, geheiliget werde dîn name, daz ist dich bekennen blôz alleine. Zuo kome dîn rîche: daz ich nihtes niht habe, daz ich rîche ahte unt wizze denne dich rîche. Dâ von sprichet daz êwangelium ‘sêlic sint die armen des geistes’, daz ist des willen arm. Unde wir biten got, daz sîn wille werde in der erden, daz ist in uns, als in dem himele, daz ist in gote selbe. Ein sôgetâner mensche ist sô ein unt einwillic mit gote, daz er allez daz wil, daz got wil, unt in der wîse, sô ez got wil. Unt dar umbe, wan got denne etlîche wîse wil, daz ich ouch sünde hân getân, sô wölti ich niht, daz ich sie niht hêti getân; wan sô wirt gotes wille in der erden, daz ist in missetât, als in dem himele, daz ist in woltüenne. Sô wil der mensche gotes dur got enbern unt von got dur got gesunderet sîn. unt daz ist alleine rehtiu riuwe mîner sünde, sô ist mir sünde leit sunder leit. Alsô hât got leit aller bôsheit sunder leit. Leit unt mîn meister leit hân ich umbe sünde, wan ich niht sünde tæte umb allez, daz geschaffen ist, ob joch tûsent welte êweclîchen soltin sîn; doch sunder leit, unt ich nême unde schüefe diu leit in gotes willen unt ûz gotes willen. Ein sôgetân leit ist alleine volkomen leit, wan ez kumet unt urspringet von lûter minne, der lûtersten güeti unt fröude gotes. Sô wirt wâr unt wirt man gewar, daz ich in disem büechlî gesprochen hân, daz der guot mensche, als verre er guot ist, tritet in alle die eigenschaft der güeti selbe, daz got in im selber ist.

Nû merke, waz wunders unde waz lebennes hât der mensche ûf der erden als in dem himele in gote selben! ime dienet ungemach in gemach, unt leit gelîch als liep. Unt dâ bî merke doch in dem selben sunderlîchen trôst. Wanne hân ich die genâde unt die güeti, von der ich nû geseit hân, sô bin ich alle zît unt an allen dingen gelîche unt ouch genzeclîchen getrœstet unde frô, unde hân ich des niht, sô sol ich sîn enberen dur got unt dur gotes willen. Wil got geben des ich enbere dar an, sô hân ich ez in gotes namen unt bin ouch in wunne. Wil got niht geben, sô nime unt enbir in dem selben willen gotes, als er enwil niht, unt alsô nime ich enbern unde niht nemen. Wes gebristet mir denne? Sicherlîchen, eigenlîcher nimet man got enberende denne nemende; wan sô der mensche nimet, sô hât diu gâbe in ir selben, war umbe der mensche frô sî unde getrœstet. Sô man aber niht nimet, sô hât man niht, sô vindet noch weiz man niht, des man sich fröuwe, denne got unt gotes willen alleine.

Therefore the masters say that the blessed in the kingdom of heaven know creatures bare of every image of the creature: they know them in the one image that is God, and there God knows, loves, and wills himself and all things; and there he teaches us to pray for and desire God himself. When we say: ‘Our Father, who is in heaven, hallowed be your name,’ this means to know you alone, bare. ‘Your kingdom come’: that I possess nothing that I regard or know as riches except you, who are riches. Therefore the Gospel says: ‘Blessed are the poor in spirit,’ that is, poor in will. And we pray God that his will may be done ‘on earth,’ that is, in us, ‘as in heaven,’ that is, in God himself. Such a person is so one and of one will with God that he wills everything that God wills and in the way God wills it. And therefore, since God in a certain way wills that I have also committed sin, I would not wish that I had not committed it; for thus God’s will is done on earth, that is, in wrongdoing, as in heaven, that is, in doing well. Thus the person wills to do without God for God’s sake and to be separated from God for God’s sake. And this alone is true repentance for my sin: then sin grieves me without grief. Thus God has grief for all evil without grief. I have grief, and my greatest grief, over sin, for I would not commit sin for everything that is created, even if a thousand worlds were to exist eternally; yet without grief, and I receive and bring this grief into God’s will and out of God’s will. Such grief alone is perfect grief, for it comes and springs from pure love, from the purest goodness and joy of God. Thus it becomes true, and one becomes aware of what I have said in this little book: that the good person, insofar as he is good, enters into all the property of goodness itself, which God is in himself.

Now observe what wonder and what life the person has on earth as in heaven, in God himself! Adversity serves him as ease, and suffering just as love. And in this observe especially the consolation itself. When I have the grace and goodness of which I have now spoken, I am at all times and in all things equally and wholly comforted and glad; and if I do not have it, I should do without it for God’s sake and by God’s will. If God wills to give me what I lack, then I have it in God’s name and am also in delight. If God does not will to give, then I accept and endure the lack in the same will of God, since he does not will it otherwise; thus I accept doing without and not receiving. What then do I lack? Assuredly, one receives God more truly in doing without than in receiving; for when a person receives, the gift itself gives him a reason to be glad and consoled. But when one does not receive, one has nothing and finds or knows nothing in which to rejoice except God and God’s will alone.

Ouch ist daz aber ein ander trôst, unt hât der mensche verloren ûzerlîchez guot, sîne friunde, sîne mâgen oder sîn ouge oder waz daz ist, sô sol er des gewis sîn, ob er daz lîdet dur got unde gotes willen güetliche, sô hât er allez daz vor gote zuo dem minsten, dar umbe er daz niht lîden wolte. Ein mensche verliuret ein ouge: wölte er nû des ougen niht enbern umbe tûsent marc oder mê, sô hât er vor gote unt in gote sich behalten sicherlichen allez daz, dar umbe er den schaden oder daz leit niht lîden wolte; unt daz meinet vil lîhte, daz unser herre sprichet ‘ez ist bezzer, daz dû komest in daz êwig lebenne mit einem ougen, denne mit zwein ougen verloren werden.’ Unt daz meinet ouch vil lîhte, daz got sprach ‘wer lâzet vater unt muoter, swester oder bruoder oder waz daz ist, der sol wider nemen hundertvalt unt êwic leben.’

Noch sol man wizzen, daz tugende haben unt lîden wellen gerne unt gedulteclîchen hât ein wîti, als wir ouch sehen in der nâtûre, daz ein mensche schœner unt künsterîcher ist denne der ander. Alsô sprich ich ouch, daz ein guot mensche wol mac ein guot mensche sîn unt doch berüeret werden unde wanken von nâtürlîcher liebi zuo vater unt muoter, minre ald mê, unt doch niht vellic werden von gote noch von güeti, unt doch nâch dem ist er guot unt bezzer, dar nâch er minre unt mê getrœstet unt berüeret wirt unt gewar wirt nâtürlîcher minne unde neigunge zuo vater unt muoter, zuo swester unt bruoder unt zuo ime selben.

There is also another consolation. If a person has lost outward goods, his friends, his kinsfolk, his eye, or whatever it may be, he should be certain that, if he bears this kindly for God and for God’s will, then before God he possesses at least all that for which he would have refused to bear the loss. A person loses an eye: if he would not have been willing to do without that eye for a thousand marks or more, then before God and in God he has assuredly preserved for himself all that for which he would not have wished to suffer the loss or the pain. Perhaps this is what our Lord means when he says: ‘It is better for you to enter eternal life with one eye than to be lost with two eyes.’ And perhaps this too is what God meant when he said: ‘Whoever leaves father and mother, sister or brother, or whatever it may be, shall receive a hundredfold and eternal life.’

One should also know that possessing virtue and being willing to suffer gladly and patiently admit of degrees, just as we see in nature that one person is more beautiful and more skillful than another. Thus I also say that a good person may truly be a good person and yet be touched and shaken, more or less, by natural love for father and mother, without thereby falling away from God or from goodness. Yet he is good or better according as he is less or more consoled and moved by, and aware of, natural love and inclination toward father and mother, sister and brother, and toward himself.

Nochdenne, als ich dâ vor geseit hân, könde ein mensche daz selbe nemen in gotes willen als verre als gotes wille ist, daz menschlich nâtûre den gebresten habe, sunderlîchen von gotes gerehtikeit von des êrsten menschen sünde, unt ouch, ob daz niht enwêre, er wölte des gerne enberen in gotes willen, sô wære im gar sêre rehte unt würde sicherliche getrœstet in leide. Daz meinet, daz sant Johannes sprichet, daz daz gewâre lieht liuhtet in vinsternüsse, unt sant Paulus sprichet, daz die tugende werdent volbrâht in krankheit. Unt möhte der diep wêrlîchen, genzlîchen unt lûterlîchen, willeclîchen unt frœlîchen den tôt lîden von minne der götlîchen gerehtikeit, in der unt nâch dem daz got wil unt sîn gerehtikeit, daz der übeltætic getœtet werde, sicherlichen, er würde behalten unt belibe sêlic, wan gotes wille ist unser heil unde sêlikeit.

Aber ein ander trôst ist: man vindet vil lîhte nieman, der iht ieman sô liep habe lebende, daz er niht gerne wölte enbern eines ougen unt blint sîn ein jâr, ob er dar nâch sîn ouge denne wider hêti unt sînen friunt alsô möhte von dem tôde erlœsen. Wölte denne ein mensche ein jâr enberen sînes ougen dur einen menschen und in alsô erlœsen von dem tôde, der doch in kurzen jâren sterben muoz, sô sol er gar billîchen gerne enberen zweinzic oder drîzic jâr, diu er vil lîhte leben möhte. Der mensche enbere sînes ougen, umbe daz er sich selben êweclîchen sêlic mache unt êweclîchen got sehende werde in sînem götlîchen liehte, unt in gote sich selben und alle crêatûren.

Nevertheless, as I said before, if a person could accept this very thing in God’s will insofar as it is God’s will that human nature should have this defect, especially through God’s righteousness on account of the first human being’s sin, and if, were this not so, he would gladly do without it in God’s will, then all would be very right with him and he would assuredly be consoled in suffering. This is what Saint John means when he says that the true light shines in darkness, and Saint Paul when he says that virtues are perfected in weakness. And if a thief could truly, wholly, purely, willingly, and gladly suffer death from love of divine righteousness, according to which God and his righteousness will that the evildoer be put to death, assuredly he would be saved and remain blessed, for God’s will is our salvation and blessedness.

But there is another consolation: perhaps no one can be found who loves some living person so dearly that he would not gladly do without one eye and be blind for a year, if afterward he could have his eye again and could thereby deliver his friend from death. If a person would do without his eye for a year for another human being and so deliver him from death, though that person must die within a few years, then he should all the more gladly do without twenty or thirty years that he might perhaps have lived. Let the person do without his eye so that he may make himself eternally blessed and behold God eternally in his divine light, and in God himself and all creatures.

Unt aber sô ist ein ander trôst. Ein guot mensche als verre sô er guot ist unt ûz güeti alleine geborn unt ein bilde der güeti, sô ist ime allez daz unmære unt ein bitterkeit unde schade allez daz geschaffen ist. Unt daz ist ouch dar umbe: daz verlîeren ist lôs werden unt verlîeren leit und ungemach unt schaden wêrlîchen bekant. In der wârheit, leit verlîeren ist ein wârer trôst; wan allez ungemach, leit unt untrôst ist ûzerlîchez guot, unt dar umbe sol der mensche niht schaden clagen, er sol vil mê clagen, daz ime trôst unde gemach unbekant ist, unt daz trôst niht getrœsten mac. Er sol vil mê clagen, daz er niht genzeclîcher entbildet ist der crêatûren unt niht în gebildet unt gepflanzet ist unt aller ein bilde ist der güeti.

Ouch sol ein mensche gedenken in sînem leide, daz got diu wârheit sprichet unt gelopt bî im selben der wârheit. Entvieli got sînem worte, sîner wârheit, er ontvieli sîner gotheit unt wêri niht got; wan sîn wort ist sîn wârheit. Sîn wort ist, daz unser leit sol verwandelt werden in fröude. Unt sicherlichen, unt wisti ich daz für wâr, daz alle mîn steine verwandelt soltin werden in lûter golt, ie mê ich denne steine hêti unt grœzer, ie lieber sie mir wërin. Und alsô, spriche ich sicherlichen, würde der mensche krefticlîche getrœstet in allem sînem leide unt ungemache.

And there is yet another consolation. A good person, insofar as he is good and born from goodness alone and an image of goodness, finds all that is created as this or that unpleasing, bitter, and harmful. This is also because losing it means becoming free: it is losing suffering, adversity, and harm truly understood. In truth, to lose suffering is a true consolation; for all adversity, suffering, and lack of consolation are tied to outward good. Therefore a person should not lament the loss; rather, he should lament much more that consolation and ease are unknown to him and that consolation cannot console him. He should lament much more that he is not wholly de-formed of creatures and in-formed and planted in goodness, and altogether an image of goodness.

A person should also remember in his suffering that God speaks the truth and pledges himself by the truth. If God were to fail his word, his truth, he would fall away from his Godhead and would not be God, for his Word is his truth. His Word is that our suffering shall be transformed into joy. And assuredly, if I knew for certain that all my stones were to be transformed into pure gold, then the more stones I had and the larger they were, the dearer they would be to me. Thus, I say assuredly, a person would be powerfully consoled in all his suffering and adversity.

Noch ist ein anderz dem gelîche. Kein vaz mac niht zweierleie tranc in ime selben haben: sol ez wîn hân, man muoz von nôt daz wazzer ûz giezen, daz muoz blôz unt îtel werden. Dar umbe, solt dû götlîche fröude enpfâhen, sô muostû von nôt die crêatûre ûz giezen unt ûz werfen.

Her umbe sprichet sant Augustînus: giuz ûz, daz dû erfüllet werdest; lerne niht minnen, umbe daz dû gelernest minnen; kêre dich abe, umbe daz dû zuo gekêret werdest. Eigenlîchen geseit, allez daz nemen unt enpfenclich sol sîn, daz sol unt muoz blôz sîn. Die meister sagent uns, hêti daz ouge keine varwe in im selben, dâ ez bekennet, ez enbekanti noch die varwe die ez hêt noch die ez niht hêt; wan ez aber blôz ist aller varwe, dâ von bekennet ez alle varwe. Diu want hêt varwe an ir, unt dar umbe enbekennet si niht ir selbes varwe noch keine varwe unde hât keine lust von der varwe, niht mê von golde denne von kolvarwe. Daz ouge hât ir niht unt hêt si wêrlîch, wan ez bekennet si mit lust unt mit wunne.

There is another consolation like this. No vessel can contain two kinds of drink within itself: if it is to hold wine, the water must necessarily be poured out; it must become bare and empty. Therefore, if you are to receive divine joy, you must of necessity pour out and cast away the creature.

Therefore Saint Augustine says: pour out, so that you may be filled; learn not to love, so that you may learn to love; turn away, so that you may be turned toward. Properly speaking, whatever is to receive and be receptive must and should be bare. The masters tell us that if the eye had any color in itself when it knows, it would know neither the color it had nor the color it did not have; but because it is bare of all color, it knows every color. The wall has color in itself, and therefore it knows neither its own color nor any color and takes no delight in color, no more in gold-color than in coal-black. The eye has no color and yet truly possesses it, for it knows color with delight and joy.

Unt her umbe, daz die krefte der sêle dürnehtiger unt mê blôz sint, dar umbe nimet si mê dürnehtiger unt wîter waz si denne nimet und enpfâhet unt hât grœzer wunne unt wirt mê ein mit dem, daz si nimet, alsô verre, daz diu obrôste kraft der sêle, diu aller dinge blôz ist unt mit nihte niht mêr gemeine hât, nimet niht minre denne got selben in sînem eigen wesenne. Unde sprechent die meister, daz der vereinunge unt durbrüche unde der wunne sich niht mac gelîchen. Dar umbe sprichet unser herre gar merklichen in dem êwangelio ‘sêlic sint die armen in dem geiste.’ Arm ist der, der niht enhât unt arm ist des geistes, unt meinet alsô vil, als daz ouge arm unt blôz ist aller varwe unt enpfenclich aller varwe, alsô der arm ist des geistes, der ist ouch enpfenclich aller geiste unt alles geistes. Got ist ein geist, unt fruht des geistes ist minne, fride unt fröude. Blôz arm, niht hân, îtel sîn wandelt die nâtûre; îtel sîn machet wazzer ze berc ûf climmen unt vil anders wunders, dâ von man nû niht sprechen sol.

Dar umbe, wilt dû ganzen trôst unde fröude vinden in got, sô sich, daz dû blôz siest aller crêatûren, alles trôstes von den crêatûren. Sicherlichen, alle die wîle daz dich trœstet unt trœsten mügent die crêatûren, sô vindest dû niemer rehten trôst. Sô dich aber niut mêr getrœsten mac denne got, wêrlîchen, sô trœstet dich got unt mit ime unt in ime allez daz wunne ist. Trœstet dich daz got niht ist, dû hâst noch hie noch dâ. Unt trœstet dich aber crêatûre niht unde smacket dir niht, sô vindest dû beidiu hie unt dâ.

And because the powers of the soul are purer and more bare, they receive more purely and more widely whatever they receive and take in, and they have greater joy and become more one with what they receive, so much so that the highest power of the soul, which is bare of all things and has nothing more in common with anything, receives nothing less than God himself in his own being. The masters say that nothing can compare with this union, breakthrough, and joy. Therefore our Lord says most significantly in the Gospel: ‘Blessed are the poor in spirit.’ Poor is the one who has nothing; and to be poor in spirit means this: just as the eye is poor and bare of every color and receptive of every color, so the one who is poor in spirit is receptive of every spirit and of all spirit. God is a spirit, and the fruit of the spirit is love, peace, and joy. To be bare, poor, to have nothing, to be empty transforms nature; emptiness makes water climb uphill and works many other wonders of which one should not speak now.

Therefore, if you wish to find complete consolation and joy in God, see that you are bare of all creatures and of every consolation from creatures. Assuredly, as long as creatures console you or can console you, you will never find true consolation. But when nothing can console you except God, truly God consoles you, and with him and in him is all delight. If what is not God consoles you, you have neither here nor hereafter. But if the creature does not console you and has no savor for you, then you find both here and hereafter.

Möhti der mensche unde künde einen becher zemâle îtel gemachen unt îtel behalten von allem dem, daz füllen mac, ouch luftes, sunder zwîvel der becher verzige unde vergæze aller sîner nâtûre und îtelkeit trüege in ûf biz an den himel. Alsô treit blôz arm und îtel aller crêatûren die sêle ûf zuo got in got; ouch ziuhet ûf in die hœhi gelîchnüsse unt hitze. Gelîchnüsse gît man dem sune in der gotheit, hitze unt minne dem heiligen geiste. Gelîchnüsse in allen dingen unt sunderlîchen mêr unde zuo dem êrsten in götlîcher nâtûre ist geburt des einen, unde gelîchnüsse von einem in ein unt mit eime ist ein begin unt ursprunc der ûzblüegenden, hitzigen minne. Ein ist begin sunder allen begin. Gelîchnüsse ist begin von dem einen alleine unde nimet daz ez ist unt daz ez begin ist von dem einen in dem einen. Minne hât daz von nâtûre, daz si vliuzet und urspringet von zweien als ein ein, als ein, niht minne zwei, als zwei ist minne niht; zwei als ein gît von nôt nâtürlîche minne willeclîchen unde hitzeclîchen oder begirlîchen.

Nû sprichet Salomôn, daz alliu wazzer unt alle crêatûre îlent unt vliezent unt widerloufent in iren ursprunc. Unt dar umbe sô ist von nôt daz wâr sô ich gesprochen hân: gelîchnüs unt minne îlet unt hitziget ûf ze leitenne unt ze bringenne die sêle in den êrsten ursprunc des einen, daz unser vater ist aller in himele unt in erden. Sô spriche ich denne: daz gelîchnüs geboren von einem ziuhet die sêle in got, als er ist ein in sîner ungebornen einunge, unt des hân wir ein offen urkünde. Sô daz lîplîche fiur enzündet unt enbrennet daz holz als ein funke, sô enpfâhet ez fiures nâtûre unt wirt gelîche dem lûtern fiure, daz sunder allez mitel haftet undenen an dem himele. Alzehant vergizzet unde verzihet ez vater unt muoter, bruoder unt swester ûf erde unt îlet unt jaget ûf an den himelschen vater. Sîn vater hie nidenen des funken ist daz fiur unt muoter sîniu ist daz holz; bruoder unt swestern sint die andern funken, unt er beitet der êrsten funken niht: er îlet unt jaget ûf snelleclîchen zuo sînem rehten vater, daz der himel ist. Wan wer bekennet rehte wârheit, der weiz wol, daz daz fiur niht ist reht vater des funken als ez fiur ist: der reht wâr vater alles fiures unt hitze ist der himel.

If a person could make a cup completely empty and keep it empty of everything that can fill it, even of air, without doubt the cup would renounce and forget all its nature and emptiness would carry it upward as far as heaven. Thus bareness, poverty, and emptiness of all creatures carry the soul upward to God in God; likeness and heat also draw it upward. Likeness is attributed to the Son in the Godhead, heat and love to the Holy Spirit. Likeness in all things, and especially and first in divine nature, is the birth of the One; and likeness from one into one and with one is a beginning and origin of the blossoming, ardent love. The One is beginning without any beginning. Likeness is a beginning from the One alone and receives both that it is and that it is a beginning from the One in the One. Love has this by nature, that it flows and springs from two as one one: one as one is not love, two as two is not love; two as one necessarily gives rise to natural love, willingly and ardently or desirously.

Now Solomon says that all waters and every creature hasten and flow and return to their origin. Therefore what I have said must necessarily be true: likeness and love hasten and burn to lead and bring the soul into the first origin of the One, who is our Father of all in heaven and on earth. Thus I say: likeness born from one draws the soul into God, as he is One in his unbegotten unity, and of this we have a visible sign. When bodily fire kindles and burns wood as a spark, the spark receives the nature of fire and becomes like the pure fire that abides immediately beneath heaven. At once it forgets and renounces father and mother, brother and sister on earth, and hastens and races upward toward the heavenly Father. The father of the spark here below is the fire, and its mother is the wood; its brothers and sisters are the other sparks, and the first spark does not wait for them: it hastens and races swiftly upward to its true father, which is heaven. For whoever knows true truth knows well that fire, insofar as it is fire, is not the true father of the spark: the true, real father of all fire and heat is heaven.

Unt noch ist daz gar sêre ze merkenne, daz diz fünkelî niht alleine lâzet unt vergizzet vater unde muoter ûf ertrîche, mêr: ez lâzet unt verzihet sich sîn selbes, unt von nâtürlîcher minne kumet ez zuo sînem rehten vater, dem himel; wan ez muoz von nôt erleschen in der kelti der lüfte; doch wil ez bewîsen nâtürlîche minne, die ez zuo sînem wâren himelschen vater hât.

Unt als vor geseit ist von îtelkeit, daz ist von blôzheit, daz nâch dem, daz diu sêle dürnehtiger blôz unt ermer ist unt minre hât der crêatûren unt îtel ist aller dinge, diu got niht sint, dar nâch sô nimet si got lûterlîcher unt mê in got unde ein mit gote und sich in gote unde siht got von antlüte ze antlüte als in ein bilde oder gebildet, als sant Paulus sprichet. Alsô spriche ich nû von gelîchnüsse unt von der minne hitze; wan nâch dem, daz ez dem andern gelîcher ist, dar zuo unt dar nâch jaget ez mê unt ist sneller unt ist ime sîn louf süezer unt wunneclîcher, unt ie mê ez verrer kumet von ime selber unde von allem dem, daz jenez niht enist, dar zuo ez jaget, ungelîcher sich selben unt allem dem, daz jenez niht ist, dar nâch wirt ez gelîcher dem, daz ez jaget, dar zuo ez îlet. Unt wan gelîchnüsse fliuzet von dem einen unt ziuhet unt locket von der kraft unt in der kraft des einen, dar umbe gestillet noch benüeget niht noch dem, daz dâ ziuhet, noch dem, daz gezogen wirt, unz daz sie in ein vereinet werden. Unt dar umbe sô sprichet unser herre in dem prophêten Isaias unt meinet, daz kein hœhi, enkein nidri noch gelîchnüsse, kein fride der minne genüeget mir niht, unz daz ich selbe in mînem sune erschîne und ich selbe in der minne des heiligen geistes enbrant und entzündet wirde.

And it is especially important to observe that this little spark not only leaves and forgets father and mother on earth; rather, it leaves and renounces itself, and through natural love it comes to its true father, heaven. For it must necessarily be extinguished in the coldness of the air; yet it wishes to show the natural love it has for its true heavenly father.

And as was said before concerning emptiness, that is, bareness: according as the soul is purer, barer, and poorer, has less of creatures, and is empty of all things that are not God, accordingly she receives God more purely and more in God, becomes one with God and sees herself in God, and sees God face to face as in an image or transfigured, as Saint Paul says. Thus I now speak of likeness and of the heat of love: the more like one thing is to another, the more it hastens toward and after it, the swifter it is, and the sweeter and more delightful its course; and the farther it comes from itself and from everything that is not that toward which it hastens, becoming unlike itself and all that the other is not, the more it becomes like that toward which it hastens and runs. Since likeness flows from the One and draws and entices by the power and in the power of the One, neither what draws nor what is drawn is stilled or satisfied until they are united in one. Therefore our Lord speaks through the prophet Isaiah and means that no height, no lowliness or likeness, no peace of love satisfies me until I myself appear in my Son and I myself am kindled and set aflame in the love of the Holy Spirit.

Unser herre Jêsus Kristus der bat sînen vater, daz wir mit ime unt in ime ein würden, unt niht alleine vereinet, mêr: ein einic ein. Der rede unt dirre wârheit hân wir ein offen urkünde unde bewîsunge in der nâtûre, ouch ûzerlîchen in dem fiure. Wenne daz fiur würket unt an gezündet unt enbrennet daz holz, sô machet daz fiur alze cleine daz holz unt sich selben ungelîche, benimet ime grôpheit, kelti unde swârheit unt fliht des wazzers unt machet daz holz sich selbem, dem fiure, gelîche ie mê unt ie mê; doch gestillet noch benüeget noch geswîget niemer niht, weder holz noch fiur an keiner wermi noch hitze noch gelîchnüsse, unz daz daz fiur gebirt sich selber in daz holz unt gît ime sîn eigen nâtûre unt ouch ein wesen sîn selbes, alsô daz allez ein fiur gelîch eigen ist ungescheiden weder minre noch mê. Unt dar umbe, ê daz diz her zuo kome, sô ist dâ iemer ein rouch, ein widerkriec, ein krastplen und ein strît zwischent fiure unt holze. Sô aber dâ alliu ungelîcheit wirt benomen unt hine getân, sô gestillet daz fiur unt geswîget daz holz. Und ich spriche mêr in der wârheit, daz diu verborgen kraft der nâtûre hazzet verborgenlîchen gelîchnüs als ouch verri, alsô vil ez in ime treit den underscheit unt zweiunge, unt suochet in ime daz ein, daz ez in ime unt durch ez alleine minnet, als der munt in dem unt an dem wîne nimet unt suochet den smac unt die süezikeit; unt hêtî denne daz wazzer den smac der güeti, den der wîn hât, sô minnôtî der munt den wîn niht mê denne daz wazzer.

Unt dar umbe hân ich gesprochen, daz diu sêle in gelîchnüsse hazzet unt niht minnet gelîchnüs als in ir unt durch si, sunder si minnet sî dur daz ein, daz in ir verborgen ist und ein wâr vater ist, ein begin sunder allen begin aller dinge in himele und in erde. Unt dar umbe sô sprich ich, alle die wîle, daz noch gelîchnüsse wirt funden und erschînet zwischent fiure unt holze, sô enist dâ ouch niemer wârer lust noch swîgen, weder ruowe noch genüegede. Unt dar umbe sprechent die meister: gewerden des fiures ist mit widerstrîte, mit andunge unt ouch mit unruowe in der zît. Aber geburt des fiures unt lust ist sunder zît unt sunder verre. Lust unt fröude dunket nieman lang noch verre. Allez, daz ich nû gesprochen hân, daz meinet, daz unser herre sprichet ‘sô diu frouwe gebirt daz kint, sô hât si leit unt pîne, sô aber daz kint geboren ist, sô vergizzet si leides unt pîne.’ Dar umbe sprach ouch got unt manetê uns in dem êwangelio, daz wir biten den himelschen vater, daz unser fröude volkomen werde. Unde dâ seit ouch Philippus ‘herre, zeige unt wîse uns den vater, sô benüeget uns.’ Wan vater daz meinet ein unt in dem geswîget gelîchnüs unt gestillet allez, daz begirde unt wesen hât.

Our Lord Jesus Christ asked his Father that we should become one with him and in him, and not merely united, but one single One. We have a clear sign and demonstration of this saying and this truth in nature, outwardly too, in fire. When fire works upon wood, kindles it, and sets it burning, the fire makes the wood very small and unlike itself; it takes away its coarseness, coldness, and heaviness and drives out its moisture, and makes the wood more and more like itself, the fire. Yet neither wood nor fire is ever stilled, satisfied, or silent in any warmth, heat, or likeness until the fire begets itself in the wood and gives it its own nature and also its own being, so that all is one fire, of the same property, undivided, neither less nor more. And therefore, before this comes about, there is always smoke, conflict, crackling, and strife between fire and wood. But when all unlikeness has been taken away and removed, then the fire is stilled and the wood is silent. And I say further in truth that the hidden power of nature secretly hates likeness insofar as it still bears within itself distinction and duality, and seeks in it the One, which it loves in it and for its sake alone, just as the mouth in wine takes and seeks the savor and sweetness; and if water had the savor of goodness that wine has, the mouth would love wine no more than water.

Therefore I have said that the soul hates likeness and does not love likeness in itself or for its own sake; rather, she loves it for the One that is hidden in it and is a true Father, a beginning without any beginning of all things in heaven and on earth. Therefore I say that as long as likeness is still found and appears between fire and wood, there is never true delight or silence there, neither rest nor satisfaction. Therefore the masters say: the becoming of fire is with conflict, suffering, and unrest in time. But the birth of fire and delight are without time and without distance. Delight and joy seem long or distant to no one. All that I have now said is what our Lord means when he says: ‘When the woman gives birth to the child, she has suffering and pain; but when the child is born, she forgets suffering and pain.’ Therefore God also spoke and admonished us in the Gospel to ask the heavenly Father that our joy may become complete. And Philip too says there: ‘Lord, show and reveal to us the Father, and that will satisfy us.’ For ‘Father’ means the One, and in the One likeness falls silent and everything that has desire and being is stilled.

Nû mac der mensche offenlîcher bekennen, war umbe unt wâ von er ungetrôst ist in allem sînem leide, ungemach unt schaden. Daz kumet allez unt alleine dâ von, daz er ûzwendic unt verre von gote ist unt niht îtel noch blôz der crêatûre, gote ungelîche unt kalt an götlîcher minne. Noch ist aber ein andriu sache, wer die merken unt bekennen wil, sô würde er billîchen getrôst an ûzerlîchem schaden, leit unt ungemache.

Ein mensche der vert einen weg, er tuot ein werc oder lât ein ander werc, sô beschiht ime ein schade, oder brichet ein bein oder einen arm oder er verliurt ein ouge ald wirt siech; und wil er denne allez gedenken: hêtist dû einen andern weg gevaren oder ein ander werc getân, sô wære dir diz niht beschehen, sô belîpt er ungetrœstet unt wirt ouch von nôt leidic. Unt dar umbe sol er gedenken: unde wærist dû nû einen andern weg gevaren oder hêtist ein ander werc getân oder gelâzen, dir wære ein vil grœzer schade unt leit beschehen, unt sô würde er billîchen getrœstet unt frô von herzen.

Now a person can more openly know why and from what cause he is without consolation in all his suffering, adversity, and loss. It comes wholly and solely from this: that he is outward and far from God and is not empty and bare of creatures, unlike God and cold in divine love. Yet there is another cause; whoever wishes to observe and know it would rightly be comforted in outward loss, suffering, and adversity.

A person travels along one road, does one work or leaves another undone, and then some harm befalls him: he breaks a leg or an arm, loses an eye, or becomes sick. If he then keeps thinking, ‘Had you travelled another road or done another work, this would not have happened to you,’ he remains without consolation and necessarily becomes sorrowful. Therefore he should think: ‘And had you travelled another road, or done or left undone another work, a much greater loss and suffering might have befallen you.’ Then he would rightly be comforted and glad at heart.

Aber setze ich einez. Dû hâst verloren tûsent marc, sô ensolt dû niht clagen die tûsent marc, die verloren sint: dû solt gote danken, der dir hâte gegeben tûsent marc, die dû verlieren mohtest und ouch lâzen vor der tugende unt gedult üeben und êwic leben verdienen, daz manic tûsent mensche niht enhât. Unt noch ein anderz setze ich aber, daz den menschen trœsten mac. Ein mensche, hêt er guot, gemach besezzen manic jâr unt verliuret daz nû von verhengen, sô sol der mensche wîslîche gedenken unt gote danken, sô er des schaden gewar wirt unt des ungemaches, daz er hêt, und denne alrest weiz er, waz nutzes unt gemaches er vor hâte, unt sol gote danken des gemaches, des er sô manic jâr sich hêt genietet, unt enzürni niht.

Er sol gedenken, daz der mensche nâch nâtürlîcher wârheit niut von ime selben hêt denne bôsheit unt gebresten. Allez daz guot ist daz hât got ime gelihen, unt niht gegeben. Und wer bekennet wârheit, der weiz, daz got der himelische vater dem sune unt dem heiligen geiste gît allez daz daz guot ist. Aber der crêatûre gît er kein guot, sunder er verliehe ez ir ze borgenne. Diu sunne gît dem lufte hitze, aber daz lieht gît si ime ze borge, unt dar umbe, alzehant sô diu sunne under gât, sô verliuret der luft daz lieht, aber diu hitze belîbet; wan diu ist dem lufte gegeben ze eigenne, unt dar umbe sprechent die meister, daz der himelische vater got ist des sunes vater unt niht herre, noch des heiligen geistes herre. Aber got vater, sun unt heilig geist sint herre unt ein herre der crêatûren. Unt wir sprechen, daz got was unt ist êweclîchen vater; aber mit dem, dô er geschuof die crêatûren, sô ist er herre. Nû sprich ich: sît dem mâle daz dem menschen allez, daz guot oder trœstlîch ist, ime ze borge gelihen ist, waz hât er denne ze clagenne, sô er ez wider nimet unde nemen wil? Er sol gote danken, daz er ez ime verlihen hêt sô lange. Ouch sol er ime danken, daz er ime ez alzemâle niht wider nimet daz er ime hêt verlihen, unt wære ouch billîchen, allez daz got dem menschen verlihen hât, der zornic wirt, daz er des einen teil wider nême, daz sîn nie wart unt des er ouch nie herre wart. Unt her umbe sprichet gar wol Jeremias der prophête, dô er was in grôzem lîdenne unt clagenne ‘ô wie grôz unt manicvaltic sint gotes erbarmherzikeit, daz wir niht alzemâle ze nihte werden.’ Wer mir hât verlihen sînen roc, kurset oder mantel, nême der sînen mantel unde liezi mir den roc unt den kurset in dem vroste, ich solte ime vil billîchen danken unt vrô sîn. Unt sol man daz ouch sunderbâr merken, wie daz sô grœzlîchen unreht ich unt der mensche hân, sô wir iht zürnin unt clagen, sô wir iht verlieren; wan sô ich wil, daz guot daz ich hân sî mir gegeben unde niht gelihen, sô wil ich herre sîn unt wil gotes sun nâtürlîchen sîn unt volkomen, unt bin doch noch niht gotes sun von gnâden; wanne eigenschaft des sunes unt des heiligen geistes ist, sich gelîchlîchen halten in allen dingen und in allen sachen.

But let me set down another case. You have lost a thousand marks: you should not lament the thousand marks that are lost; you should thank God, who had given you a thousand marks that you could lose, and who also allows you to practice virtue and patience and gain eternal life, which many thousands of people do not have. And let me set down yet another thing that can comfort a person. Suppose someone had possessed goods and ease for many years and now loses them through providence. He should wisely reflect and thank God when he becomes aware of the loss and the adversity he now has; only then does he truly know what benefit and ease he had before, and he should thank God for the ease he enjoyed for so many years and not become angry.

He should remember that, according to natural truth, a person has nothing from himself except evil and defect. Everything that is good God has lent him, not given him. Whoever knows the truth knows that God, the heavenly Father, gives the Son and the Holy Spirit all that is good. But to the creature he gives no good as its own; rather, he lends it to her. The sun gives heat to the air, but it lends the light to it; therefore, as soon as the sun sets, the air loses the light, but the heat remains, for that is given to the air as its own. Therefore the masters say that God, the heavenly Father, is the Father of the Son and not his lord, nor the lord of the Holy Spirit. But God the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are Lord and one Lord of creatures. And we say that God was and is eternally Father; but when he created creatures, he became Lord. Now I say: since everything good or consoling that a person has is lent to him, what has he to complain of when the lender takes it back and wishes to take it? He should thank God for having lent it to him so long. He should also thank him that he does not take back altogether everything he has lent him; and it would indeed be fitting that God take back all that he has lent to a person who becomes angry because one part is taken back, though it never belonged to him and he was never its lord. Therefore the prophet Jeremiah speaks very well when he was in great suffering and lamentation: ‘O how great and manifold are God’s mercies, that we are not altogether brought to nothing.’ If someone had lent me his coat, fur coat, or mantle, and took back his mantle but left me the coat and fur coat in the frost, I should rightly thank him greatly and be glad. One should especially observe how greatly in the wrong I, and every person, am when we become angry and complain whenever we lose something; for if I wish the good I have to be given to me and not lent, then I wish to be lord and to be God’s natural and perfect Son, although I am not yet even God’s son by grace; for it is a property of the Son and of the Holy Spirit to remain equable in all things and in all circumstances.

Ouch sol man wizzen daz sunder zwîvel, daz ouch nâtürlîche menschlîche tugende sô edele und sô kreftic sint, daz ir kein ûzerlîchez werc ze swære enist, noch grôz genüege, daz si sich dar an unt dar inne bewîsen müge unt sich dar in erbilden. Und dar umbe ist ein inrez werc, daz niht zît noch stat besliezen mac noch begrîfen, und in dem selben ist, waz got unt götlîch unt gote gelîch ist, den noch zît noch stat besliuzet; er ist allenthalben unt alle zît gelîch gegenwürtic unt ouch dar an gote gelîcher, denne kein crêatûre volkomenlîchen enpfâhen müge noch gotes güeti in sich bilden. Unt dâ von sô muoz etwaz innigers unde hœhers sîn unt ungeschaffen âne mâze und âne wîse, dâ sich der himelsche vater ganz în bilden unt ergiezen möhte und ouch bewîsen; daz sint der sun unt der heilig geist.

Unt ouch mac daz inre werc der tugende alsô wênic ieman gehindern, als man got niht hindern mac. Daz werc schînet unt liuhtet tac unde naht; daz werc lobet unt singet gotes lop unt einen niuwen gesanc. Dâvît sprichet ‘singent gote einen niuwen gesanc, wan des lop ist von der erden ende.’ Daz werc minnet got niht, daz ûzer, daz zît unt stat besliuzet, daz enge ist, daz man hindern mac unt betwingen, daz müede unt alt wirt von zît unt von üebunge. Daz werc ist got minnen, guot unde güeti wellen, daz allez daz, daz der mensche wil unt ouch wölti tuon, mit lûterm ganzem willen in allen guoten werken hât ietzunt getân, dar an er ouch gelîch ist gote. Von dem schrîbet Dâvît, daz allez, daz er wolte haben ietzunt getân unde geworht, ist volbrâht.

One should also know without doubt that natural human virtues are so noble and so powerful that no outward work is too difficult for them, nor great enough for them fully to manifest themselves in it and impress their form upon it. Therefore there is an inward work that neither time nor place can enclose or comprehend, and in that work is what is God, divine, and like God, whom neither time nor place encloses; he is everywhere and at all times equally present. In this too it is more like God than any creature could perfectly receive or form God’s goodness within itself. Therefore there must be something more inward and higher, uncreated, without measure and without mode, in which the heavenly Father may wholly form and pour himself forth and also manifest himself: that is the Son and the Holy Spirit.

And no one can hinder the inward work of virtue any more than one can hinder God. This work shines and gives light day and night; this work praises God and sings God’s praise and a new song. David says: ‘Sing to God a new song, for his praise is from the end of the earth.’ God does not love the outward work that is enclosed by time and place, that is narrow, that can be hindered and constrained, that grows weary and old through time and practice. The work is to love God, to will the good and goodness, so that whatever a person wills and would wish to do with a pure and whole will in all good works, he has already done now; in this he too is like God. Of this David writes that all that he willed to have done and wrought now is accomplished.

Diser lêre hân wir ein offenbâre bewîsunge an dem steine. Des ûzer werc ist, daz er nider valle unt lige ûf der erden. Daz werc mac gehindern sîn unde vallet er niht alle zît noch âne underlâz. Aber ein ander werc ist noch inniger dem steine unt daz ist neigunge alle zît niderwert, unt daz ist ime angeboren, daz enkan ime got noch crêatûre benemen noch nieman. Daz werc würket der stein âne underlâz naht unt tac. Daz er tûsent jâr dâ obnan læge, er neiget weder minre noch mê denne in dem êrsten tage. Reht alsô sprich ich von der tugent, daz si hât ein innic werc: wellen unt neigen zuo aller güeti und îlen unt wider kriegen von allem dem, daz bœse unt übel ist, gote unt güeti ungelîch. Unde ie daz werc bœser ist unt gote ungelîcher, ie der widerkêr grœzer ist; unt ie grœzer daz werc ist unt gote gelîcher, ie ir daz werc lîhter, lustiger unt williger ist, unt alle ir clage unt leit ist daz, ob leit in si vallen mac, daz diz lîden dur got ze clein ist und alliu ûzeriu werc in zît ze kleine sint, daz si sich niht ganz noch ze vollen bewîsen noch dar în erbilden mac. Unt üebende sich wirt si kreftiger unt von milti wirt si rîcher. Si wölte niht geliten noch überliten hân leit unt lîden: si wil unt wölte alle zît âne underlâz lîden dur got unt güeti. Alliu ir sêlikeit ist lîden dur got, niht geliten hân. Dar umbe ouch unser herre sprichet ‘sêlic sint die dâ lîdent dur die gerehtikeit.’ Er sprichet niht: die geliten hânt. Ein solich mensche hazzet geliten hân, wan geliten hân ist niht lîden, daz er minnet, ez ist ein fürganc unt verlust lîdennes dur got, daz er alleine minnet. Unt dar umbe spriche ich, daz ein solich mensche ouch hazzet noch lîden süllen, wan daz ouch niht lîden ist. Doch hazzet er minre lîden süllen denne geliten hân, wan geliten hân ist verre unt ungelîche lîdenne, wan ez zemâle vergangen ist. Daz man aber lîden sol, daz benimet niht alzemâle lîdenne, daz er minnet.

Sant Paulus sprichet, daz er gotes dur got enbern wölte umbe daz gotes êre unt lop gemêret unt gebreideret würde. Unt man sprichet, daz sant Paulus daz sprêche in der zît, dô er noch niht volkômen was. Ich wêne aber des, daz diz wort kême von einem volkômenem herzen. Man sprichet ouch, daz er meinte, daz er eine wîle von gote wölte gesunderôt unt gescheiden sîn, und ich spriche, daz ein volkômen mensche als ungerne von gote sich scheiden oder sunderôn wölte unt ime als unmêre wêre ein stunde als tûsent jâr. Doch und wêri daz, daz ez gotes wille wêre unt sîn êre, daz er gotes enbêre, sô wêre ime alsô lîhte tûsent jâr oder êweclîchen als ein tac, ein stunde.

We have a clear demonstration of this teaching in the stone. Its outward work is that it falls downward and lies on the earth. This work can be hindered, and it does not fall at all times without ceasing. But there is another work still more inward in the stone, and that is its constant tendency downward; this is innate in it, and neither God nor creature nor anyone can take it away from it. The stone works this work without ceasing night and day. If it lay up above for a thousand years, it would incline neither less nor more than on the first day. Just so I say of virtue that she has an inward work: willing and inclining toward all goodness, and hastening away from and opposing everything that is bad and evil, unlike God and goodness. And the worse the work is and the more unlike God, the greater her aversion; and the greater the work and the more like God, the easier, more delightful, and more willing it is for her. All her complaint and suffering—if suffering can fall into her—is that this suffering for God is too small and that all outward works in time are too small for her to manifest herself wholly and fully or take form in them. By practice she becomes stronger, and by generosity she becomes richer. She would not wish to have suffered or to have got suffering and pain behind her: she wills and would wish at all times without ceasing to suffer for God and goodness. All her blessedness lies in suffering for God, not in having suffered. Therefore our Lord also says: ‘Blessed are those who suffer for righteousness’ sake.’ He does not say: those who have suffered. Such a person hates having suffered, for having suffered is not the suffering he loves; it is a passing-away and loss of the suffering for God that alone he loves. Therefore I say that such a person also hates having yet to suffer, for that too is not suffering. Yet he hates having yet to suffer less than having suffered, for having suffered is far from and unlike suffering, since it has altogether passed away. But that one is still to suffer does not altogether take away the suffering he loves.

Saint Paul says that he would wish to do without God for God’s sake, so that God’s honor and praise might be increased and enlarged. It is said that Saint Paul spoke this at a time when he was not yet perfect. But I think that this word came from a perfect heart. It is also said that he meant that he wished for a time to be separated and parted from God; and I say that a perfect person would be as unwilling to separate or part himself from God, and would care as little for one hour as for a thousand years. Yet if it were God’s will and for his honor that he should do without God, then a thousand years or even eternity would be as easy for him as one day, one hour.

Ouch ist daz inre werc dar nâch götlîch unt gotvar unt ist geminnet götlîcher eigenschaft, daz ze glîcher wîse als alle crêatûre, ob tûsent welte wêrîn, ein hâres breite niht bezzer ist denne got alleine. Alsô spriche ich unt hân ez dâ vor geseit, daz diz ûzer werc, sîn lengi noch sîn wîti, sîn vili noch sîn grœzi niht alzemâle mêret die güeti des inren werkes: ez hât sîn güeti in sich selben; dar umbe enkan daz ûzer werc niemer cleine gesîn, ob daz inre grôz ist, unde daz ûzer enmac niemer grôz noch guot sîn, ob daz inre clein oder niht enist. Wer daz inre werc hât in ime alle zît beslozzen, alle grœzi, wîti unt lengi des inren werkes nimet unt schöpfet allez sîn wesen niergen denne von gote unt in gotes herzen.

Got minnet den sun unt wirt sun geboren in des himelschen vater schôze. Umbe daz ûzer werc enist ez niht alsô: sunder ez nimet sîn götlîche güeti enmiten des innigen werkes ûz getragen unt ûz gegozzen in einen niderval der gecleideten gotheit mit underscheit, mit mengi, mit teile, daz allez unt dem gelîche unt ouch gelîchnüs selben gote verre unt frömde sint. Sie haftent unt behaftent unt gestillent in dem, daz guot ist, daz crêatûre ist, blint alzemâle güeti unt liehtes in sich selben unt des einen, in dem got gebirt sînen eingebornen sun unt in im alliu diu gotes kinter sun unt geborne süne. Dâ ist ûzfluz unt ursprunc des heiligen geistes, von dem alleine, als er gotes geist ist unt ein geist got selber ist, enpfangen wirt der sun in uns unt ist ûzfluz von allen den, die gotes süne sint, nâch dem, daz sie minre oder mê lûterlîchen von gote alleine geboren sint nâch gote unt in gote überbildet und entriuwet aller mengi, der man doch noch vindet in den obrôsten engelen nâtûrlich.

The inward work, moreover, is divine and God-like and bears a divine property, so that just as all creatures, even if there were a thousand worlds, are not a hair’s breadth better than God alone, so I say, as I have said before, that neither the length nor breadth, neither the multitude nor greatness of the outward work adds anything at all to the goodness of the inward work: it has its goodness in itself. Therefore the outward work can never be small if the inward work is great, and the outward work can never be great or good if the inward is small or nothing. Whoever has the inward work enclosed within himself at all times, all the greatness, breadth, and length of the inward work takes and draws all its being nowhere except from God and in God’s heart.

God loves the Son and the Son is born in the bosom of the heavenly Father. It is not so with the outward work; rather, it receives its divine goodness through the inward work, carried outward and poured forth in a downward flow of the clothed Godhead with distinction, multiplicity, and parts, all of which, and the like of them, and even likeness itself, are far from and alien to God. They cling, are attached, and come to rest in what is good and creaturely, wholly blind to goodness and light in themselves and to the One in whom God begets his only-begotten Son, and in him all God’s children are sons and begotten sons. There is the outflow and origin of the Holy Spirit, from whom alone, insofar as he is God’s Spirit and God himself is a spirit, the Son is received in us; and there is an outflow from all those who are God’s sons, according as they are more or less purely born of God alone, formed after God and transformed in God, and estranged from all multiplicity such as one still naturally finds even in the highest angels.

Noch der ez rehte erkennen wil entriuwet der güeti, der wârheit und allem dem, daz ouch in dem gedanke unt in dem namen alleine einen wân oder schatwen keines underscheides lîdet, unt getriuwet dem einen blôz allerlei mengi unt underscheit, in dem ouch verliuret unt wirt entblœzet aller underscheit unt eigenschaft unt ist ein unt sint ein ouch vater, sun und heiliggeist. Unt daz eine daz machet uns sêlic, unt ie verrer wir dem einen sîn, ie minre wir sun oder süne sîn unt ouch der heilig geist minre volkomenlîche in uns entspringet unt von uns fliuzet. Unt dar nâch wir nêher sîn dem einen, dar nâch sîn wir wêrlîchen gotes sun unt süne unt ouch fliuzet von uns got der heilig geist. Unt daz meinet, daz unser gotes sun in der gotheit sprichet ‘wer trinket von dem wazzer, daz ich gibe, in dem entspringet ein brunne, ein ursprunc des wazzers, daz dâ springet in daz êwic leben.’ Unt sant Johannes sprichet, daz er daz sprêche von dem heiligen geiste.

Der sun in der gotheit nâch sîner eigenschaft engît niht anders denne sun wesen, denne got geboren wesen, brunne unt ursprunc unt ûzfluz des heiligen geistes der minne gotes unt vollen rehten ganzen smac des einen, des himelschen vaters. Dar umbe sprichet des himelschen vater stimme von dem himele zuo dem sune ‘dû bist mîn geminnôter sun, in dem ich geminnet unt beheglich bin, in ime ist mir ein wolgevallen.’

Whoever wishes to know this rightly must be estranged from goodness, truth, and everything that even in thought or in name admits the mere appearance or shadow of any distinction, and must be entrusted to the One, bare of every kind of multiplicity and distinction, in which every distinction and property are also lost and stripped away, and Father, Son, and Holy Spirit are one and are One. And the One makes us blessed; the farther we are from the One, the less we are son or sons, and the less perfectly the Holy Spirit springs up in us and flows from us. And the nearer we are to the One, the more truly we are God’s son and sons, and God the Holy Spirit also flows from us. This is what God’s Son in the Godhead means when he says: ‘Whoever drinks of the water that I give, in him there springs up a fountain, a source of water springing into eternal life.’ And Saint John says that he spoke this of the Holy Spirit.

The Son in the Godhead, according to his property, gives nothing other than being Son, being God-born, the fountain, origin, and outflow of the Holy Spirit, the love of God, and the full, true, complete savor of the One, the heavenly Father. Therefore the heavenly Father’s voice speaks from heaven to the Son: ‘You are my beloved Son, in whom I am loved and pleasing; in him I am well pleased.’

Sunder zwîvel, got minnet nieman mit genüegede unt lûterlîchen, der niht gotes sun ist; wan minne, der heilig geist, urspringet unt fliuzet von dem sune unt der sun minnet den vater durch sich selben unde sich selben in dem vater. Dar umbe sprichet vil wol unser herre, daz sie sêlic sint die armen in dem geiste, daz ist, die niht habent eigens menschlîches geistes unde blôz koment zuo gote. Unt sant Paulus sprichet ‘got hât ez uns geoffenbâret in sînem geiste.’

Sant Augustînus sprichet, daz der aller beste die geschrift verstât unt vernimet, der blôz alles geistes suochet unt wârheit der geschrift in ir selben, daz ist in gotes geiste. Sant Pêter sprichet, daz alle die heiligen liute habent gesprochen in dem geiste gotes. Sant Paulus sprichet ‘nieman mac bekennen unt wizzen, waz sî in dem menschen, denne der geist, der in dem menschen ist, unt nieman mac wizzen, waz in gote ist, denne der geist gotes unt got.’ Dar umbe sprichet gar wol ein geschrift einer glôse, daz nieman mac vernemen noch lêren kan sant Pauli schrift, er habe denne den geist in dem sant Paulus sprach unt schreip. Unt daz ist alliu mîn clage, daz grobe liute, die gotes geistes îtel sint unt niht hânt noch iren groben menschlîchen sin hine geleit, wellent urteilen daz sie hœrent oder lesent in der schrift, diu gesprochen unt geschrieben ist von dem unt in dem heiligen geiste, unde gedenkent niht, daz geschrieben ist: daz unmüglich ist bî den liuten, daz ist müglich bî gote unt ouch gemeinlich unt nâtûrlich. Daz unmüglich ist der undern nâtûre, daz ist gewonlich unt nâtûrlich der obren nâtûre.

Without doubt, no one loves God with satisfaction and purity who is not God’s son; for love, the Holy Spirit, springs and flows from the Son, and the Son loves the Father for his own sake and himself in the Father. Therefore our Lord rightly says that blessed are the poor in spirit, that is, those who have no spirit of their own, no merely human spirit, and come bare to God. And Saint Paul says: ‘God has revealed it to us in his Spirit.’

Saint Augustine says that the person who best understands and apprehends Scripture is the one who is bare of every spirit and seeks the truth of Scripture in itself, that is, in God’s Spirit. Saint Peter says that all holy people have spoken in the Spirit of God. Saint Paul says: ‘No one can know and understand what is in a person except the spirit that is in the person, and no one can know what is in God except the Spirit of God and God.’ Therefore a gloss rightly says that no one can understand or teach Saint Paul’s writings unless he has the spirit in which Saint Paul spoke and wrote. And this is my whole complaint: that crude people, who are empty of God’s Spirit and have only brought their crude human understanding to it, wish to judge what they hear or read in Scripture, which was spoken and written from and in the Holy Spirit, and do not consider what is written: what is impossible with human beings is possible with God and is also common and natural. What is impossible to the lower nature is customary and natural to the higher nature.

Dâ von nû minnent doch noch, daz ich nû gesprochen hân, daz ein guot mensche, gotes sun in got geboren, minnet got durch sich selben in ime selben, unt vil ander wort, diu ich vor gesprochen hân, unt als ich ouch mê gesprochen hân, daz ein guot mensche von güeti unt in gote geboren tritet in alle die eigenschaft götlîcher nâtûre. Nû ist daz gotes eigenschaft nâch Salomônes worten, daz alliu dinc got würke durch sich selben, daz ist, daz er niht ûz ime selben ane siht, niht wan dur sich selben, er minnet unt würket alliu dinc dur sich selben.

Dar umbe sô der mensche minnet sich selben unt alliu sîniu werc, niht umbe lôn, umb êre oder umbe gemach, denne dur got unt gotes êre alleine, daz ist ein zeichen, daz er gotes sun ist. Noch mê: got der minnet dur sich selben unde würket alliu dinc dur sich selben, daz ist, er minnet dur minne unt er würket dur würken; wan sunder zwîvel, got hêti sînen eingebornen sun in der êwikeit nie geboren, wêri geboren nie geboren. Unt dar umbe sprechent die heiligen, daz der sun alsô êweclîch geboren ist, daz er doch âne underlâz noch wirt geborn. Ouch hêti got die welt nie geschaffen, ob geschaffen wesen nie wêri geschaffen, dar umbe got alsô die welt hât geschaffen, daz er si doch sunder underlâz schöpfet. Allez daz vergangen ist unt waz zuokünftic ist, daz ist gote frömde unde verre.

From this consider further what I have just said: that a good person, God’s Son born in God, loves God for his own sake in himself, together with many other words I have spoken before; and, as I have also said, that a good person, born from goodness and in God, enters into all the properties of divine nature. Now, according to Solomon’s words, this is a property of God: that God works all things for his own sake; that is, he looks to nothing outside himself, but only for his own sake: he loves and works all things for his own sake.

Therefore, if a person loves himself and all his works not for reward, honor, or ease, but for God and God’s honor alone, that is a sign that he is God’s son. Still further: God loves for his own sake and works all things for his own sake; that is, he loves for love’s sake and works for the sake of working. For without doubt, God would never have begotten his only-begotten Son in eternity if being begotten were not itself begetting. Therefore the saints say that the Son is eternally begotten in such a way that he is still being begotten without ceasing. Nor would God ever have created the world if being-created were not creation; therefore God has created the world in such a way that he still creates it without ceasing. Everything that is past and everything that is future is alien and far from God.

Unt dar umbe wer von got geboren ist gotes sun, der minnet got durch sich selben, daz ist, er minnet got dur minnen got unt würket alliu sîniu werc dur werc, dur got unt der wirt minnens unt würkens niemer müede, unt ouch ime ist allez ein minne daz er minnet. Und her umbe ist wâr, daz got ist diu minne, unt als ich ouch sprach dâ obnân, daz der guot mensche wil und wolte alle zît lîden dur got, niht geliten hân. Lîden hât er, daz er minnet lîden durch got unt lîdet got, unt dar umbe unt ouch dar an sô ist er gotes sun nâch gote unt in gote gebildet. Der minnet durch sich selben, daz ist, er minnet durch minne unt würket dur werc, unt dar umbe minnet got unde würket âne underlâz, unt gotes würken ist sîn nâtûre, sîn wesen, sîn leben, sîn sêlikeit. Alsô wêrlîche der gotes sun, ein guot mensche, sô vil unt er gotes sun ist, wil durch got lîden, dur got würken unt daz ist sîn wesen, sîn leben, sîn würken, sîn sêlikeit. Unt alsô sprichet unser herre ‘sêlic sint, die dâ lîdent durch die gerehtikeit.’

Für baz zuo dem dritten mâle sprich ich, daz ein guot mensche als verre er guot ist hât gotes eigenschaft, niht alleine dar an, daz er minnet unt würket allez daz er minnet unde würket dur got, den er dâ minnet unt dur den er würket, sunder er minnet unt würket ouch dur sich selben der dâ minnet; wan daz er minnet daz ist got vater ungeboren; der dâ minnet ist got sun geboren. Nû ist der vater in dem sune unt der sun in dem vater, vater unt sun sint ein in dem heiligen geiste. Von dem nim, wie daz innigôst unt daz obrôste der sêle schöpfet unde nimet gotes sun, und ouch gotes sun werden in des himelschen vater schôze unde herzen, unt daz suoche nâch dem ende diser vorgenprochenen worte von dem edelen menschen.

Therefore whoever is born of God as God’s son loves God for his own sake; that is, he loves God for the sake of loving God and works all his works for the sake of working, for God, and never grows weary of loving and working, and everything he loves is one love to him. Therefore it is true that God is love. And, as I said above, the good person wills and would wish at all times to suffer for God, not to have suffered. In suffering he has what he loves: he loves to suffer for God and suffers for God. Therefore and therein he is God’s son, formed according to God and in God. He loves for his own sake, that is, he loves for the sake of love and works for the sake of working; and therefore God loves and works without ceasing, and God’s working is his nature, his being, his life, his blessedness. Thus truly, for God’s son, a good person insofar as he is God’s son, to suffer for God and work for God is his being, his life, his working, his blessedness. Therefore our Lord says: ‘Blessed are those who suffer for righteousness’ sake.’

Further, in the third place I say that a good person, insofar as he is good, has God’s property not only in this, that he loves and works all that he loves and works for God, whom he loves therein and for whom he works; rather, the one who loves also loves and works for his own sake. For what he loves is God the Father, unbegotten; the one who loves is God the Son, begotten. Now the Father is in the Son and the Son in the Father; Father and Son are one in the Holy Spirit. From this understand how the innermost and highest part of the soul draws and receives God’s Son, and also how one becomes God’s son in the bosom and heart of the heavenly Father; and seek this toward the end of the words spoken above concerning the noble person.

Ouch sol man wizzen, daz in der nâtûre îndruk unt fluz der obren nâtûre ist einem ieclîchen lustlîcher unt wunneclicher denne sîn selbes eigeniu nâtûre unde wesen. Daz wazzer fliuzet von eigener nâtûre niderwert ze tale und ouch lît sîn wesen dar ane. Doch von îndrucke unt înfluzze des mânen obnân in dem himele sô verzihet unde vergizzet ez sîner eigenen nâtûre unt fliuzet ze berge in die hœhi unt ist der ûfluz vil lîhter denne der fluz niderwert.

Unt dâ bî sol der mensche wizzen, ob ime reht wêre, daz ime wizzentlîche unt frœlîchen wêre, sînen nâtûrlîchen willen ze lâzenne unt sich sîn selbes verzîhen unt alzemâle ûz gân in allem dem, daz got den menschen lîden wil. Unt daz meinet nâch einem guoten sinne, daz unser herre sprichet ‘wer welle komen zuo mir, der sol sîn selbes ûz gân unt verzîhen unde sol sîn kriuze ûf heben’, daz ist, er sol abe legen unt abe tuon allez, daz kriuze unt leit ist; wan sicher, wer sîn selbes sich verzigen hête unt wære ganz sîn selbes ûz gegangen, dem möhte niht kriuze wesen noch leit noch lîden, mêr: ez wêri im allez ein wunne, ein fröude und ein herzenliep, unt der kême unt volgti wêrlîchen got; wan als got niht mac betrüeben noch leidic gemachen, alsô wênic möhte den menschen iht riuwec oder leidic gemachen. Unt dar umbe, daz unser herre sprichet ‘wer wil zuo mir komen, der verzihe sich sîn selbes unt hebe ûf sîn kriuze unt volge mir’, daz ist niht alleine ein gebot, als man wênet oder gemeinlîchen sprichet: ez ist ein geloube unt ein götlîchiu lêre, wie daz dem menschen allez sîn lîden, alliu sîniu werc unt sîn leben wunneclîchen unde frœlîchen wirt, unt ist ein lôn mê denne ein gebot. Wan der mensche, der sô getân ist, hât allez, daz er wil, unt enwil niht übeles, unt daz ist ouch sêlikeit, dar umbe wol unser herre sprichet ‘sêlic sint, die dâ lîdent durch die gerehtikeit.’

One should also know that in nature the impression and inflow of the higher nature is more delightful and joyful to each thing than its own proper nature and being. Water flows downward into the valley by its own nature, and its being too lies in this. Yet through the impression and inflow of the moon above in heaven it renounces and forgets its own nature and flows uphill into the height, and the upward flow is much easier than the downward flow.

From this a person should know whether it would be right for him, whether it would be knowingly and joyfully pleasing to him, to leave his natural will, to renounce himself, and to go wholly out of himself in everything that God wills a person to suffer. And this is what our Lord means in a good sense when he says: ‘Whoever wishes to come to me, let him go out of himself and renounce himself and take up his cross’; that is, he should lay aside and put away everything that is cross and suffering. For surely, whoever had renounced himself and had gone wholly out of himself could have neither cross nor pain nor suffering; rather, everything would be delight, joy, and heart’s love to him, and he would come and truly follow God. For just as nothing can sadden God or make him suffer, so little could anything make such a person sorrowful or suffering. Therefore, when our Lord says: ‘Whoever will come to to me, let him renounce himself, take up his cross, and follow me’; this is not merely a commandment, as people suppose or commonly say: it is a promise and a divine teaching by which all a person’s suffering, all his works, and his life become delightful and joyful, and it is a reward more than a commandment. For the person who is thus disposed has everything he wills and wills no evil, and that too is blessedness; therefore our Lord rightly says: ‘Blessed are those who suffer for righteousness’ sake.’

Unt ouch daz unser herre sprichet ‘der sun verzihe sich sîn selbes unt habe ûf sîn kriuze unt kome zuo mir’, daz meinet, daz er werde sun als ich sun bin geboren. Got ist daz selbe ein, daz ich bin, daz ich schöpfe in wesenne inne blîbende in des vaters schôze unt herzen. Ouch sprichet der sun ‘vater, ich wil, daz der mir volget, der zuo mir kumet, daz der sîe dâ ich bin.’ Nieman kumet eigenlîchen zuo dem sune als der sun ist denne der sun wirt, unt nieman ist der dâ sun ist, der in des vaters schôze unt herzen ist, ein in einem, dâ der sun ist.

‘Ich’ sprichet der vater ‘sol sie füeren in ein einœdi unt dâ sprechen zuo ir herzen.’ Herze zuo herzen, ein in einem minnet got, alle frömdi unt verri hazzet got, zuo ein locket unt ziuhet got, ein suochent alle crêatûre, ouch die niderôsten crêatûre suochent ein. Daz daz bevinden die obrôsten unt gezogen werden über nâtûre unt überbildet suochen ein, ein in sich selben, dar umbe vil lîhte sprichet der sun Jêsus Kristus in der gotheit ‘vater, dâ ich bin, dâ sol sîn der mir dienet, der mir volget, der zuo mir kumet.’

And also when our Lord says, ‘The son should renounce himself, take up his cross, and come to me,’ this means that he should become Son as I am Son born. God is that same One that I am, whom I draw in being, abiding within in the Father’s bosom and heart. The Son also says: ‘Father, I will that the one who follows me, who comes to me, should be where I am.’ No one truly comes to the Son as Son except the one who becomes son, and no one is son who is not in the Father’s bosom and heart, one in one, where the Son is.

‘I,’ says the Father, ‘shall lead her into a wilderness and there speak to her heart.’ Heart to heart, one in one, God loves; all alienness and distance God hates. Toward the One God entices and draws; all creatures seek the One, even the lowest creatures seek the One. The highest perceive this and, drawn above nature and transformed, seek the One, the One in itself. Therefore perhaps the Son, Jesus Christ in the Godhead, says: ‘Father, where I am, there shall be the one who serves me, who follows me, who comes to me.’

Noch ist aber ein ander trôst, daz man sol wizzen, daz aller nâtûre unmüglich ist, daz si zerbreche oder verderbe unt ouch enrüere, in dem si niht meine ein bezzerz guot in dem selben, daz si rüeret. Ir benüeget niht, daz si ein gelîch mache, si wil allez ein bezzerz. Ein wîser arzât der berüeret niemer den siechen vinger des menschen umbe daz er dem menschen niht wê tuo, ob er niht den vinger selben unde den menschen alzemâle bezzer machen unt im lieber tuon möhte. Mag er denne den menschen unt ouch den vinger gebezzeren, daz tuot er gerne, unt ist des niht, er snîdet den vinger abe, daz er den menschen bezzeri. Unt daz ist vil bezzer, den vinger verlieren alleine unt den menschen behalten, denne beidiu der vinger unde der mensche verderbe. Wêger ist ein schade denne zwêne, unt sunderbâr dâ der eine vil mêr wêre denne der ander.

Unt ouch sol man wizzen, daz der vinger unt diu hant unt ein ieclîch nâtürlîchez gelit den menschen, des ez ein gelit ist, vil lieber hât denne ez sich selben unt sich gerne und unbedâht frœlîchen gibet in die nôt unt in den schaden für den menschen. Ich spriche sicherlîchen daz in der wârheit, daz diz gelit sich selben alzemâle nihtes niht minnet denne dur daz unt in dem ez ein gelit ist. Dar umbe wêri vil billîchen unt nâtürlîchen, wêri uns reht, daz wir uns selben nihtes niht minnôtin denne dur got unt in gote; unt wêri daz alsô, sô wære uns allez daz lîhte unt ein wunne, daz got von uns unt in uns wölte; sunderlîchen sô wir wizzen unt gewis wërin, daz got ungelîche minre mac gelîden enheinen gebresten noch schaden, ob er niht ein vil grœzer gemach dar inne wisti unt meinti. Wêrlîchen, der des gote niht getrûwet, daz ist alze billîchen, daz er leit unt ungemach habe.

There is yet another consolation: one should know that it is impossible for all nature to break, destroy, or even touch anything without intending a better good in the very thing it touches. It is not satisfied merely to make an equal good; it always wills something better. A wise physician never touches a person’s diseased finger so as to cause the person pain unless he can make the finger itself and the whole person better and bring him relief. If he can improve both the person and the finger, he gladly does so; if not, he cuts off the finger so as to make the person better. And it is far better to lose the finger alone and preserve the person than that both finger and person perish. One loss is preferable to two, especially where the one would be much greater than the other.

One should also know that the finger and the hand and every natural member loves the person whose member it is far more than it loves itself, and gladly, joyfully, and without hesitation gives itself into distress and harm for the person. I say assuredly and in truth that this member loves itself in no way at all except for the sake of, and in, that of which it is a member. Therefore it would be altogether fitting and natural, if things were right with us, that we should love ourselves in no way except for God’s sake and in God; and if this were so, everything that God willed from us and in us would be easy and a delight to us, especially if we knew and were certain that God can incomparably less endure any defect or loss unless he knew and intended a much greater benefit within it. Truly, whoever does not trust God in this rightly has suffering and adversity.

Noch ist ein ander trôst. Sant Paulus sprichet, daz got alle die kestiget, die er ze süne minnet unt enpfâhet. Ez behœret dar zuo, der sun sî, daz der ouch lîde. Wan gotes sun in der êwikeit in der gotheit niht lîden mohte, dar umbe sante in der himelsche vater in die zît, daz er mensche würde unt lîden möhte. Wilt dû denne gotes sun wesen unt wilt doch niht lîden, sô hâst dû gar unreht. An der wîsheit buoche stêt beschrieben, daz got prüevet unde versuochet, wer gereht sî, als man golt prüevet unde brennet in einem eitoven. Ez ist ein zeichen, daz der künic oder ein fürste einem ritter wol getriuwet, sô er in sendet an den vorstrît. Ich hân gesehen einen herren, der etwenne, sô er hâte einen ze hûsgesinde enpfangen, daz er den sante ûz bî naht unt reit in denne selber an unt vaht mit im; unt ez beschach eines, daz er bî nâch getœdet wart von einem, den er alsô versuochen wolte, unt den kneht hâte er dar nâch liep unt wert.

Man liset, daz sant Antonius in der wüesti sunderlîchen einest grœzlîchen in lîden was von den bœsen geistern, unde dô er überwunden hête sîn leit, dô erschein ime ouch unser herre ûzerlîchen unt frœlîchen. Dô sprach der heilig man ‘ach, herre, wâ wære dû ietzunt, dô ich in sô grôzer nôt was?’ Dô sprach unser herre ‘ich was alhie, als ich nû bin, aber ich wolte unt mich luste ze schouwenne, wie frum daz dû wærist.’ Silber unt golt ist wol reine, doch sô man dar ûz wil machen ein vaz, dar ûz der künic trinken sol, sô brennet man daz für baz mêr denne ein anderz. Dar umbe ist von den aposteln geschrieben, daz sie sich fröuten, daz sie wirdic wâren versmêhede unt ungemach ze lîdenne dur got.

There is yet another consolation. Saint Paul says that God chastises all those whom he loves and receives as sons. It belongs to being a son that he should also suffer. Since God’s Son in eternity, in the Godhead, could not suffer, the heavenly Father therefore sent him into time so that he might become human and be able to suffer. If, then, you wish to be God’s son and yet do not wish to suffer, you are entirely in the wrong. In the Book of Wisdom it is written that God proves and tests who is righteous, as one proves gold and burns it in a furnace. It is a sign that a king or prince greatly trusts a knight when he sends him into the forefront of battle. I have seen a lord who, at times, when he had received someone into his household, sent him out by night and then himself rode against him and fought with him; and it once happened that he was nearly killed by someone whom he wished to test in this way, and afterward that servant was dear and esteemed by him.

We read that Saint Anthony was once especially and grievously afflicted in the wilderness by evil spirits, and when he had overcome his suffering, our Lord appeared to him visibly and joyfully. Then the holy man said: ‘Ah, Lord, where were you just now, when I was in such great distress?’ Our Lord said: ‘I was here, just as I am now; but I wished, and delighted, to see how brave you were.’ Silver and gold may indeed be pure, yet when one wishes to make from them a vessel from which the king shall drink, one burns them much more thoroughly than other metal. Therefore it is written of the apostles that they rejoiced that they were worthy to suffer contempt and adversity for God.

Aber gotes sun von nâtûre wolte von gnâden mensche werden, daz er dur dich lîden möhte, unt dû wilt gotes sun werden unt niht mensche, daz dû niht mügest noch dürfest lîden dur got noch durch dich selben. Ouch wölte der mensche wizzen unt gedenken, wie sô grôze fröude in der wârheit got selbe nâch sîner wîse und alle engele unt alle, die got wizzen unt minnent, haben in gedult des menschen. Sô er dur got lîdet leit und ungemach unt schaden, wêrlîchen, er solte sich dur daz alleine billîch trœsten. Ein mensche gît doch sîn guot oder lîdet ungemach umbe daz er sînen friunt erfröuwen müge unt ime ein liebi bewîsen: noch mê sol man gedenken unt hêti ein mensche einen friunt, der dur sînen willen in lîden wære, in leit unt in ungemache, sicherlîchen ez wêri gar billîchen, daz er bî ime wære unt in trœste mit sîn selbes gegenwürtikeit unt mit trœste, den er im tuon möhte. Dâ von sprichet unser herre in dem salter von eim guoten menschen, daz er mit im ist in dem lîdenne. Bî dem worte mac man nemen siben lêre unt trœste.

Zuo dem êrsten, daz sant Augustînus sprichet, daz diu gedult in lîdenne dur got ist bezzer, hœher unt edeler denne allez daz, daz man dem menschen wider sînen willen benemen mac; daz ist allez ûzerlîchez guot. Weiz got, man vindet nieman sô rîchen, der dise welt minnet, der niht willeclîchen unt gerne wölte lîden grôzen smerzen unde leit, ouch vil lange, daz er dar nâch möhte gewaltiger herre sîn aller dirre welte.

But God’s Son by nature wished by grace to become human so that he might suffer for you, and you wish to become God’s son and not human, so that you neither can nor need suffer for God or for yourself. A person should also know and consider how great a joy, in truth, God himself in his own manner, and all angels and all who know and love God, have in a person’s patience. When he suffers sorrow, adversity, and loss for God, truly he should rightly be comforted by this alone. A person gives his goods or suffers adversity so that he may gladden his friend and show him love; still more should one consider: if a person had a friend who on his account were in suffering, sorrow, and adversity, surely it would be altogether fitting that he should be with him and comfort him by his own presence and by whatever consolation he could give him. Therefore our Lord says in the Psalter of a good person that he is with him in suffering. From this word one may derive seven teachings and consolations.

First, Saint Augustine says that patience in suffering for God is better, higher, and nobler than everything that can be taken from a person against his will; and all that is outward good. God knows, one finds no one so rich who loves this world that he would not willingly and gladly endure great pain and suffering, even for a long time, if afterward he could be mighty lord of all this world.

Zuo dem andern mâle nime ich niht alleine bî dem worte, daz got sprichet, daz er ist mit dem menschen in lîdenne, sunder ich nime ez in dem worte unt spriche alsô: ist got mit mir in lîdenne, waz wil ich denne mê und anderz? ich wil doch niht anders, ich enwil niht mê denne got, ob mir reht ist. Ez sprichet sant Augustînus: der ist gar gîtic unt unwîse, den niht benüeget an got. Wie mac den menschen benüegen an gotes gâben ûzerlîchen oder innerlîchen, sô in niht benüeget an got selben? Dar umbe sprichet er anderswâ: herre, wîsest dû uns von dir, sô gip uns einen andern dich, wan wir wellen niht wan dich.

Dar umbe stêt geschrieben in der wîsheit buoche ‘mit gote der êwigen wîsheit sint mir komen zemâle mit einander allez guot.’ Daz meinet nâch einem sinne, daz niht guot ist noch mac guot gesîn waz kumet âne got, und allez, daz kumet mit gote, daz ist guot unt dâ von alleine guot, wan ez mit gote kumet. Ich wil gotes geswîgen, unt benême man allen crêatûren unt aller der welte daz wesen, daz got gît, sô beliben sie blôz niht, ungenême, unwert unt hezzelich. Unde vil anders edeles sinnes hêt daz wort inne, wie allez guot kumet mit gote, daz nû ze lange würde ze sprechennne. Ez sprichet unser herre ‘ich bin mit dem menschen in lîdenne.’ Dar umbe sprichet sant Bernhart: herre, bist dû mit uns in lîdenne, sô gip mir ze lîdenne alle zît umbe daz dû alle zît bî mir unt mit mir sîest, daz ich alle zît dich haben müge.

Secondly, I take not only the word in which God says that he is with a person in suffering, but I take it within the word and say thus: if God is with me in suffering, what more or what else do I want? Surely I want nothing else; I want nothing more than God, if things are right with me. Saint Augustine says: he is exceedingly greedy and unwise whom God does not satisfy. How can God’s gifts, outward or inward, satisfy a person if God himself does not satisfy him? Therefore he says elsewhere: Lord, if you direct us away from yourself, give us another you, for we want nothing but you.

Therefore it is written in the Book of Wisdom: ‘With God, eternal Wisdom, all good things came to me together at once.’ In one sense this means that nothing is good, nor can anything be good, that comes without God; and everything that comes with God is good and is good for this reason alone, because it comes with God. I will say no more of God; and if one took away from all creatures and from all the world the being that God gives, they would remain bare nothing, displeasing, worthless, and hateful. And this word contains many other noble meanings concerning how every good comes with God, which would now take too long to explain. Our Lord says: ‘I am with the person in suffering.’ Therefore Saint Bernard says: Lord, if you are with us in suffering, then give me suffering at all times, so that you may always be by me and with me, that I may always have you.

Zuo dem dritten mâle sprich ich, daz got mit uns ist in lîdenne, daz ist, daz er mit uns lîdet selbe. Wêrlîch, der wârheit bekennet, der weiz, daz ich wâr spriche. Got der lîdet mit dem menschen, jâ ungelîch mê nâch sîner wîse, denne der dâ lîdet, der dur in lîdet. Nû sprich ich: wil denne got selbe lîden, sô sol ich gar billîchen lîden; wan ist mir reht, sô wil ich, daz got wil. Ich bite alle tage, unt got heizet mich biten ‘herre, dîn wille werde’; unt doch sô got wil lîden, sô wil ich von lîden clagen, unt dem ist gar unreht. Ouch sprich ich sicherlîchen, daz got sô gerne mit uns unde dur uns lîdet, sô wir alleine dur got lîden, daz er lîdet sunder lîdenne. Lîden ist im sô wunneclîch, daz lîden ist im niht lîden. Unt dar umbe, wære uns reht, sô wære ouch uns lîden niht lîden, ez wære uns ein wunne unt trôst.

Aber zuo dem vierden mâle sprich ich, daz friundes mitlîden minret nâtürlîche diz lîden. Mac mich denne getrœsten eines menschen lîden, daz ez mit mir hêt, sô sol mich vil mê trœsten gotes mitlîden.

Thirdly, I say that God is with us in suffering means that he himself suffers with us. Truly, whoever knows the truth knows that I speak truly. God suffers with the person, indeed incomparably more in his own manner than the one who suffers for him. Now I say: if God himself wills to suffer, then I should altogether rightly suffer; for if things are right with me, I will what God wills. I pray every day, and God commands me to pray: ‘Lord, your will be done’; and yet when God wills suffering, I wish to complain of suffering, and that is entirely wrong. I also say assuredly that God so gladly suffers with us and for us, if we suffer only for God, that he suffers without suffering. Suffering is so delightful to him that suffering is no suffering to him. Therefore, if things were right with us, our suffering too would not be suffering; it would be delight and consolation to us.

Fourthly, I say that a friend’s compassion naturally lessens this suffering. If the suffering that another human being has with me can comfort me, then God’s compassion should comfort me far more.

Zuo dem fünften mâle sprich ich: unt wölte ich denne lîden mit einem menschen, den ich minne unt der mich minnet, sô sol ouch ich gerne unt gar billîchen mit gote lîden, der dâ lîdet unt dur mich lîdet von minne, die er zuo mir hât.

Noch sprich ich zuo dem sehsten mâle: ist, daz got vor lîdet ê denne ich lîde, unt lîde ich dur got, gewærlîchen, sô wirt mir lîhte ein trôst unt ein fröude allez mîn lîden, wie grôz unt manicvaltic daz ist. Ez ist wâr nâtürlîche, sô der mensche tuot ein werc dur ein andern, sô ist der, dur den er daz tuot, nêher sînem herzen, unt daz er tuot, ist verrer von sînem herzen unt rüeret daz herze niemer denne durch den, dar umbe und dur daz er ez tuot. Der dâ bûwet unt houwet daz holz unde den stein, dar umbe unt dur daz er ein hûs mache für die hitze des sumers unt wider frost des winters, des herze ist zuo dem êrsten unt alzemâle ûf daz hûs unt gehouwete niemer den stein noch tæti die arbeit denne dur daz hûs. Nû sehen wir wol, sô der sieche mensche trinket den süezen wîn, sô dunket in unt sprichet, daz er bitter sî, unt ist wâr, wan der wîn verliuret alle sîne süezikeit in der bitterkeit der zungen ûzerlîche, ê denne der wîn kome inwendig, dâ diu sêle bekennet unde prüevet den smac. Alsô ist ungelîch mê unde wêrlîche, sô der mensche würket alliu sîniu werc dur got, sô ist dâ got daz mitel unt daz nêhste der sêle unt mac niht die sêle unt daz herze des menschen rüeren, daz niht verliere durch got unt dur gotes süezikeit, unt muoz von nôt verliern sîn bitterkeit unt lûter süez werden, ê denne ez des menschen herze iemer müge bewegen noch berüeren.

Fifthly, I say: if I would be willing to suffer with a person whom I love and who loves me, then I should also gladly and altogether rightly suffer with God, who suffers and suffers for me from the love he has for me.

Sixthly, I say further: if God suffers beforehand, before I suffer, and if I suffer for God, truly all my suffering, however great and manifold it may be, can easily become consolation and joy to me. It is naturally true that when a person does a work for another, the one for whom he does it is nearer his heart, while what he does is farther from his heart and touches the heart only through the one on whose account and for whom he does it. The one who builds and hews wood and stone so that he may make a house against the heat of summer and against the frost of winter has his heart first and wholly on the house, and he would never hew the stone or do the labor except for the house. Now we see well that when a sick person drinks sweet wine, it seems to him, and he says, that it is bitter—and this is true, for the wine loses all its sweetness in the outward bitterness of the tongue before the wine comes inwardly to where the soul knows and tests the savor. Thus, incomparably more and more truly, when a person works all his works for God, God is there the means and what is nearest to the soul, and nothing can touch the soul and the person’s heart that does not lose through God and through God and through God’s sweetness, and must necessarily lose its bitterness and become wholly sweet before it can ever move or touch the human heart.

Die meister sprechent, daz under dem himele sî fiur vil al umbe unt umbe, unt dar umbe mac kein regen noch wint noch allerleie sturm noch ungewitter von unden dem himele sô nâhe komen, daz in ouch niht rüeren müge: ez wirt allez verbrant unde verderbet von hitze des fiurs, ê denne ez an den himel kome. Alsô sprich ich, allez daz man lîdet unt würket durch got daz wirt allez süez in gotes süezikeit, ê denne ez zuo des menschen herzen kome, der durch got alleine würket unde lîdet. Wan daz meinet daz wort, daz man sprichet dur got, wan ez kumet an daz herze niemer denne dur gotes süezikeit, wan ez ouch wirt verbrant von dem hitzigen fiure der götlîchen minne, diu des guoten menschen herze al umbe in sich beslozzen hêt. Nû mac man offenlîche bekennen, wie billichen unt in vil wîse ein guoter mensche allenthalben getrœstet wirt in lîdenne, an leit unde würkende. Ein wîse ist, ob er lîdet unde würket durch got, ein ander wîse, ob er ist in götlîcher minne. Ouch sol der mensche bekennen unde wizzen, ob er alliu sîniu werc dur got würket; wan sicherlichen, wâ der mensche leidic sunder trôst sich vindet, alsô verre was sîn werc niht dur got alleine. Sich, unt alsô verre ist er niht in götlîcher minne. Ez sprichet künic Dâvît ‘ein fiur kumet mit gote unt von gote, daz brennet al umb unt umbe allez, daz got wider ime vindet unt ime ungelîch ist.’ Daz ist leit, untrôst unt bitterkeit.

Noch ist daz sibende in dem worte: daz got mit uns ist in lîdenne unde mitelîdet mit uns, daz uns ouch kreftêclîchen sol trœsten gotes eigenschaft dâ von, daz er daz lûter ein ist sunder alle zuovallende mengi underscheides, ouch in gedenken, daz allez, daz in im ist, got selbe ist. Unt wan daz wâr ist, sô spriche ich, allez, daz der guot mensche lîdet dur got, daz lîdet er in gote unde got ist mit lîden in lîdenne mîn lîden in got, mîn lîden got. Wie mac mir denne lîden leit gesîn, sô lîden unt leit leit verliuret? Leit mîn in gote ist: got ist mîn leit. Wêrlîchen, als got wârheit ist, wâ ich vinde wârheit, dâ vinde ich mînen got die wârheit. Alsô ouch minre noch mê, sô ich vinde lûter lîden dur got unt in gote, dâ vinde ich got mîn lîden. Wer daz niht bekennet, der clage sîne blintheit, niht mich noch die götlîchen wârheit.

The masters say that beneath heaven there is fire all around, and therefore no rain, wind, storm, or tempest can come so near to heaven from below as to touch it: everything is burned up and destroyed by the heat of the fire before it reaches heaven. Thus I say that everything a person suffers and works for God becomes sweet in God’s sweetness before it reaches the heart of the person who works and suffers for God alone. This is what the expression ‘for God’s sake’ means: nothing reaches the heart except through God’s sweetness, for it too is burned by the ardent fire of divine love that wholly encloses the good person’s heart. Thus one may plainly know how rightly and in how many ways a good person is comforted everywhere in suffering, sorrow, and working. One way is that he suffers and works for God; another is that he is in divine love. A person should also know whether he works all his works for God; for assuredly, insofar as he finds himself sorrowful and without consolation, to that extent his work was not for God alone. See: to that extent he is not in divine love. King David says: ‘A fire comes with God and from God and burns all around whatever God finds opposed and unlike to him.’ That is suffering, lack of consolation, and bitterness.

The seventh point in the saying that God is with us in suffering and suffers with us should also powerfully console us from this property of God: that he is the pure One without any accidental multiplicity of distinction, even in thought, so that everything that is in him is God himself. And since this is true, I say that everything the good person suffers for God he suffers in God, and God is with him in suffering: my suffering is in God; my suffering is God. How then can suffering be painful to me when suffering and pain lose their painfulness? My suffering is in God: God is my suffering. Truly, as God is truth and wherever I find truth I find my God, the truth, so likewise, neither less nor more, wherever I find pure suffering for God and in God, there I find God, my suffering. Whoever does not know this should blame his blindness, not me or divine truth.

Minneclîche unt milteclîche sô lîdent dur got, sit daz ez sô grœzlîchen nütze ist unt sêleclîchen, als ouch unser herre sprichet ‘sêlic sint, die dâ lîdent dur die gerehtikeit.’ Wie mac der guot minnende got daz lîden, daz sîn friunde, guot liute, niht alle zît âne underlâz in lîden sint? Hêti ein mensche einen friunt, der kurze tage lîden möhte zuo grôzem nutze unt êre unt gemach verdienen unde lange besitzen, wölte er daz hindern oder wêre daz sîn wille, daz ez von ieman gehindert würde, man sprêche niht, daz er sîn friunt wêre unt daz er in ouch liep hêti. Dar umbe vil lîhte got möhte in keine wîse lîden, daz sîn friunde, guot liute, iemer sunder lîden wæren, ob sie niht lîden möhtin unt lîdende lîden. Alliu güeti des ûzerlîchen lîdennes kumet unt fliuzet von güeti des willen, als ich vor geschrieben hân.

Unt dar umbe, allez daz der guot mensche lîden wölte unt bereit ist unt begeret ze lîdenne dur got, daz lîdet er vor gotes angesihte durch got unt in gote. Künic Dâvît sprichet in dem salter ‘ich bin bereit in allem ungemache unt mîn smerze ist mir alle zît gegenwürtic in angesihte mînes herzen.’ Sant Jeronimus sprichet, daz ein reine vaz, daz wol gewürket ist unt guot ist, dar ûz unt dâ von ze machenne waz man sol unt wil, hât in sich beslozzen alleine allez, daz man dâ von gewürken mac, ouch ûzerlîchen ie nieman dâ von iht würke. Ouch hân ich dâ vor geschrieben, daz der stein niht minre swære ist, sô er nider lît ûzerlîche ûf der erden, alliu sîn swære diu ist volkomen ûf dem, daz er nider neiget unt bereit ist in sich selben nider ze vallenne. Und alsô hân ich ouch dâ obnân gesprochen, daz der guot mensche hât ietzunt getân in himelrîche unt in ertrîche allez, daz er tuon wolte, ouch gelîche dar an gote.

Therefore suffer lovingly and gently for God, since it is so greatly profitable and blessed, as our Lord also says: ‘Blessed are those who suffer for righteousness’ sake.’ How could God, who loves the good, endure that his friends, good people, should not always and without ceasing be in suffering? If a person had a friend who by suffering for a few days could gain great benefit, honor, and ease and possess them for a long time, and if he wished to prevent this or wished someone else to prevent it, no one would say that he was the man’s friend or that he loved him. Therefore perhaps God could in no way endure that his friends, good people, should ever be without suffering, if they were able to suffer and to suffer as sufferers. All the goodness of outward suffering comes and flows from the goodness of the will, as I have written before.

Therefore whatever the good person would willingly suffer, is ready for, and desires to suffer for God, he suffers before God’s face, for God and in God. King David says in the Psalter: ‘I am ready in every adversity, and my pain is always present before the face of my heart.’ Saint Jerome says that a pure vessel, well fashioned and good for making from it whatever one ought and wills, has enclosed within itself everything that can be made from it, even if outwardly no one ever makes anything from it. I have also written before that the stone is no less heavy when it lies outwardly on the earth: all its heaviness is perfectly present in its downward tendency and its readiness in itself to fall. Likewise I have said above that the good person has already done now, in heaven and on earth, everything he would wish to do, and in this too he is like God.

Nû mac man ouch bekennen unt wizzen grobheit der liute, die gemeinlîchen wunder hât, sô sie sehent guot liute smerzen lîden unt ungemach, unde vallent inen vil dike gedenke în unt ein wân, daz ez sî dur ir heimlîchen sünde, unde sprechent ouch underwîlent ‘ach, ich wânde, daz der mensche gar guot wære! wie kumet daz, daz er sô grôz leit unt ungemach lîdet, unt ich wânde, ime gebreste niut!’ Unt sicherlîchen, wære ez leit unt ungemach unt wære ez in denne leit und ungelücke, daz sie lîdent, sô enwæren sie niht guot noch âne sünde. Sint sie aber guot, sô ist in daz lîden niht leit noch ungelücke unt ungemach: ez ist in ein grôz gelücke unde sêlikeit. Got sprichet ‘sêlic sint alle, die dâ lîdent dur got die gerehtikeit.’

Dar umbe sprichet daz buoch der wîsheit, daz der gerehten sêlen sint gotes in sîner hant. Aber tumme liute dunket unt wênent, daz sie sterbent; doch sint sie in friden, in wunne unt sêlikeit. Sant Paulus sprichet, dô er schrîbet, wie vil der heiligen habent geliten manicvaltic grôze pîne, unt sprichet denne, daz diu welt des unwirdic was. Unde daz wort hât inne, der ime rehte tuon wil, drîerhant sinne. Einer ist, daz disiu welt ist unwirdic vil guoter liuten gegenwürtikeit. Ein ander sin ist bezzer unt sprichet, daz güeti ist diser welt unmære unt unwert; got ist alleine wert, dar umbe sint sie gote wert unt gotes wert. Der dritte sin ist, den ich nû meine, unt wil sprechen, daz disiu welt, daz sint die liute, die dise weltlicheit minnent, sint des unwert, daz sie leit unt ungemach lîdent durch got. Dâ von ist geschrieben, daz die heiligen apostel sich des fröuten, daz sie wirdic wâren, daz sie durch gotes namen pîne unt ungemach littin.

Now one may also recognize and know the coarseness of people who commonly marvel when they see good people suffer pain and adversity, and very often the thought and supposition arise in them that this must be because of their secret sins; and they sometimes say: ‘Ah, I thought that person was very good! How is it that he suffers such great pain and adversity? I thought he had no defect!’ Assuredly, if it were pain and adversity to them and if what they suffered were misfortune for them, then they would not be good or without sin. But if they are good, their suffering is not pain, misfortune, or adversity for them: it is great good fortune and blessedness. God says: ‘Blessed are all who suffer for righteousness’ sake.’

Therefore the Book of Wisdom says that the souls of the righteous are in God’s hand. Foolish people suppose and imagine that they die; yet they are in peace, delight, and blessedness. Saint Paul, when he writes how many of the saints endured manifold great pains, then says that the world was unworthy of them. Whoever wishes to understand this word rightly finds three meanings in it. One is that this world is unworthy of the presence of many good people. Another and better meaning is that the goodness of this world is of no account and without worth; God alone is worthy, and therefore they are worthy before God and worthy of God. The third meaning, which I now intend to explain, is that this world—that is, the people who love worldliness—is unworthy to suffer pain and adversity for God. Therefore it is written that the holy apostles rejoiced that they were worthy to suffer pain and adversity for God’s name.

Nû sî der rede genuoge, wan ich in dem dritten teile des buoches sprechen wil mangerleie trôst, wie daz sich ouch trœsten sol und mac ein guoter mensche an sînem leide, wan man daz ouch vindet an den werken, niht alleine an den worten guoter unt wîser menschen.

3.

Man vindet in der künige buoche, daz einer dem künige Dâvîde fluohte unt ime grôz versmêhte bôt. Dô seite einer Dâvîdes friunde, daz er den bœsen hunt ze tôt slahen wölte. Dô sprach der künic mit nihten, niht tuo man ime kein leit, wan vil lîhte got wil unt sol mir durch dis versmêhte mîn bestez tuon.

Let this discourse now suffice, for in the third part of the book I wish to speak of many kinds of consolation by which a good person should and may comfort himself in suffering, as one finds this in the deeds, not only in the words, of good and wise people.

3.

We read in the Book of Kings that someone cursed King David and offered him great insult. One of David’s friends said that he wished to strike the wicked dog dead. But the king said: ‘By no means; let no harm be done to him, for perhaps God wills and intends to do what is best for me through this insult.’

Unt man liset ouch an der altvater buoche, daz ein mensche clagte eime heiligen vater, daz er was in lîdenne. Dô seite der vater ‘wilt dû, sun, daz ich got bite, daz er dir daz beneme?’ Dô sprach der ander ‘nein, vater, wan ez ist mir nütze, daz bekenne ich wol, sunder bite got, daz er mir sîne genâde verlîhe, daz ich ez wîslîchen lîde unt gedulteclîchen.’

Man frâgte einen siechen menschen, war umbe er got niht bêti umbe daz er in gesunt machôti? Dô seite der mensche, daz wölte er ungerne tuon, durch drîe sachen. Diu ein was, wan er wolte daz wizzen unt gewis sîn, daz der minneclîche got niemer vermöhte daz gelîden, daz er siech wære, denne dur sîn aller beste. Ein ander sache was, wan ist der mensche guot, sô wil er allez daz got wil unt niht, daz got welle daz der mensche wil, wan dem wære gar unreht. Unt dar umbe sô wil er, daz ich siech sî, wan wölte er sîn niht, sô enwære ez ouch niht, sô sol ich ouch niht wünschen gesunt sîn. Sunder zwîvel, möhte daz gesîn, daz mich got gesunt machôti sunder sînen willen, mir wære unwert und unmære, daz er mich gesunt macheti. Lîden wellen kumet von minne, niht wellen kumet von unminne. Vil lieber, bezzer unt nützer ist mir, daz mich got minne unt ich ouch siech sî, denne ob ich gesunt an dem lîbe wære unt mich got niht minnôti. Daz got minnet daz ist iht, waz got niht minnet daz ist niht.

We also read in the Book of the Fathers that a person complained to a holy father that he was in suffering. The father said: ‘Son, do you want me to ask God to take this from you?’ The other said: ‘No, father, for it is profitable to me; I know that well. Rather ask God to grant me his grace, so that I may bear it wisely and patiently.’

A sick person was asked why he did not pray to God to make him well. He said that he was unwilling to do so for three reasons. The first was that he wished to know and be certain that the loving God could never permit him to be sick except for his very best good. The second reason was that if a person is good, he wills everything that God wills, and not that God should will what the person wills, for that would be entirely wrong. Therefore, if God wills that I be sick—and if he did not will it, I would not be sick—then I should not wish to be healthy. Without doubt, if it were possible that God could make me healthy against his will, it would be displeasing and of no account to me that he made me healthy. To will suffering comes from love; not to will it comes from lack of love. It is far dearer, better, and more profitable to me that God love me and that I be sick than that I be healthy in body and God not love me. What God loves is something; what God does not love is nothing.

Ez sprichet in dem buoche der wîsheit ‘ouch hât daz diu wârheit inne, daz allez daz got wil, in dem selben unt von dem selben daz ez got wil, sô ist ez guot.’ Wêrlîchen, menschlîchen ze sprechennne, mir wære lieber, daz mich ein rîcher unt gewaltiger mensche, ein künic, minnôti unt mich doch ein wîle lieze âne gâbe, denne ob er mir alzehant hieze etwaz geben unde mich niht minnôti; sô er von minne mir nû zemâle niht gebe unt mir aber dar umb nû niht gebe, daz er mich dar nâch grœzlîcher unde rîcher begâben wölte. Noch setze ich, daz der mensche, der mich dâ minnet unt mir nû niht engît, sich niht bedenket mir noch ze gebenne, unt lîhte bedenket er sich her nâch baz unde gît mir; ich sol gedulteclîchen beiten, sunderlîchen als alle sîne gâben von genâden sint unverdienet. Ouch sicherlichen, wes minne ich niht enhabe unt mîn wille sînem willen wider ist, alleine daz ich sîne gâbe hêti, sô ist daz gar billîchen, daz mir der niht engebe unde mich ouch hazze unt lâze mich in unsêlden.

Diu dritte sache, war umbe mir unwert und unmære wære, daz ich got welle biten umbe daz er mich gesunt mache, wan ich enwil noch ensol den rîchen minneclîchen milten got umbe sô kleine biten. Wære, daz ich zuo dem bâpste kême hundert oder zwô hundert mîle, unt sô ich denne kême für in unt sprêche ‘ô herre, heiliger vater, ich bin komen wol zwei hundert mîle swæres weges mit grôzer koste unt bite iuch, dar umb ich ouch her zuo iu komen bin, daz ir mir gebent eine bônen’, wêrlîchen, er selber unt ouch wer daz vernême, sprêchi ouch von reht, daz ich ein grôzer tôre wære. Nû ist daz ein gewis wârheit, daz ich spriche, daz allez guot, ouch alle crêatûre, gegen gote ist minre denne ein bône. Dar umbe versmâhti mir billîchen, ob ich ein wîser unde guoter mensche wære, daz ich wölte biten umbe daz ich gesunt würde.

The Book of Wisdom says—and this truth is contained in it—that everything God wills is good precisely in this and from this, that God wills it. Truly, speaking humanly, I would rather that a rich and powerful person, a king, loved me and yet left me for a time without a gift than that he immediately ordered something to be given to me but did not love me; especially if, from love, he gave me nothing now because he intended afterward to endow me more greatly and richly. Suppose even that the person who loves me and gives me nothing now has not yet thought of giving me anything; perhaps later he will think better of it and give to me. I should wait patiently, especially since all his gifts are given by grace and are undeserved. Assuredly, if I do not value his love and my will is opposed to his will, desiring only to have his gift, then it is entirely fitting that he give me nothing, that he also hate me, and leave me in misery.

The third reason why it would be displeasing and of no account to me to ask God to make me healthy is that I neither wish nor ought to ask the rich, loving, generous God for so small a thing. Suppose I came to the pope from a hundred or two hundred miles away, and when I stood before him I said: ‘O lord, holy father, I have travelled a full two hundred miles over a difficult road at great expense, and I ask you—this is why I have come here to you—to give me a bean.’ Truly, he himself and anyone who heard this would rightly say that I was a great fool. Now it is a certain truth, I say, that every good thing, even every creature, compared with God is less than a bean. Therefore, if I were a wise and good person, I should rightly scorn to ask that I be made healthy.

Bî diser rede spriche ich ouch, daz ist eines kranken herzen zeichen, sô ein mensche frô oder leidic wirt umbe zerganclichiu dinc diser welte. Man sollte sich des sêre schamen von herzen vor gote unde sînem engelen unt vor den liuten, daz man des iemer gewar würde. Man schamet sich sô vaste eines gebrestes an dem antlütze, daz die liute sehent ûzerlîchen. Waz wil ich langer reden? diu buoch der alten ê unde der niuwen und ouch der heiligen unt ouch der heidenen sint des vol, wie frume liute dur got unt ouch dur nâtürliche tugende ir leben hânt gegeben unt ir selbes willeclîchen verzigen.

Ein heiden Socrates sprichet, daz tugende machent unmüglichiu dinc müglich unt ouch lîht unt süeze. Und ouch enwil ich des niht vergezzen, daz diu sêlic frouwe, von der sprichet daz buoch Machabeorum, diu ûf einen tac vor iren ougen sach wunderlîchiu dinc und ouch unmenschlîchiu ze hœren von grôzer pîne, die man iren siben sünen an tet, unde daz frœlîchen an sach unt enthielt sie unt mante sie sunderlîchen alle dar zuo, daz sie niht erschrêken unde willeclîchen sêle unt lîp ûf gêben dur gotes gerehtikeit.

In connection with this I also say that it is a sign of a sick heart when a person becomes glad or sorrowful over the transitory things of this world. One should be deeply ashamed of this from the heart before God and his angels and before people, if one ever became aware of it. People are so greatly ashamed of a defect in the face that others see outwardly. What more shall I say? The books of the Old Law and the New, and also those of the saints and also of the pagans are full of this: how virtuous people for God’s sake and also through natural virtue have given their lives and willingly renounced themselves.

A pagan, Socrates, says that virtues make impossible things possible and also easy and sweet. Nor do I wish to forget the blessed woman of whom the Book of Maccabees speaks, who in a single day saw before her eyes wondrous things, and things inhuman to hear, in the great torments inflicted on her seven sons; and she watched this joyfully, encouraged them, and especially admonished them all not to be afraid and willingly to give up soul and body for God’s righteousness.

Noch wil ich mê sprechen zwei wort, unde sî denne genuoc. Einez ist daz. Wêrlîchen, ein guot götlîcher mensche solte sich gar übele unt ouch grœzlîchen schamen, daz in iemer leit bewegeti, sô wir daz sehen, daz der koufman dur gewin eins kleinen geltes unt ouch ûf ein ungewis sô verre landes, sô pînlîche wege, berc unt tal, wiltnüsse unt mer, rouber, morder lîbes unt guotes dicke vert unde lîdet grôzen gebresten an der spîse unt trankes, slâfes unt anders gemaches, unde doch alles des gerne vergizzet dur sô kleinen unt ungewissen nutz. Ein ritter in einem strîte der wâget guot, lîp unt sêle dur zerganclîche unt ein kurze êre, unt uns dunket sô grôz, daz wir ein kleine lîden dur got, dur die êwigen sêlikeit.

Daz ander wort, daz ich meine, daz maniger grop mensche sol sprechen, daz vil wort, diu ich an disem buoche unt ouch anderswâ hân beschrieben, niht wâr sîen, den antwürte ich alsô, daz sant Augustînus sprichet in dem êrsten buoche sîner bîhte. Er sprichet, daz got allez, daz noch künftic ist ouch über tûsent unt tûsent jâr (ob diu welt sô lange sol weren), hât ietze gemachet und allez, daz vergangen ist mangez tûsent jâr, sol er noch hiute machen. Waz mac ich, ob ieman daz niht verstât? Unt sprichet aber anderswâ, daz sich der mensche alze blôzlîchen minnet, der dâ ander liute blenden wil dar umbe, daz sîn blintheit verborgen wese. Mir benüeget, daz in mir unt in gote wâr sî daz ich spriche unt schrîbe. Der einen stapschaft siht gestôzenen in ein wazzer, den dunket der stap krum sîn, alleine er gar reht sîe, unt daz kumet dâ von, daz daz wazzer grœber ist denne der luft sî; doch ist der stap in sich selben reht unt niht krumb unt ouch in des ougen, der in siht in lûterkeit des luftes alleine.

Now I will say two more things, and then let it suffice. One is this. Truly, a good divine person should be very greatly ashamed that suffering should ever move him, when we see that the merchant, for the gain of a little money and on an uncertainty, frequently travels so far across lands, over such painful roads, mountains and valleys, wilderness and sea, among robbers and murderers of life and goods, and suffers great deprivation of food and drink, sleep and other ease, and yet gladly forgets all this for so small and uncertain a gain. A knight in battle risks goods, body, and soul for transitory and brief honor, and yet it seems to us so great a thing that we endure a little suffering for God, for eternal blessedness.

The other thing I mean is this: because many a coarse person will say that many words I have written in this book and elsewhere are not true, I answer him thus with what Saint Augustine says in the first book of his Confessions. He says that God has now made everything that is still future even a thousand and a thousand years from now (if the world is to last so long), and everything that passed away many thousands of years ago he will still make today. What can I do if someone does not understand this? Elsewhere he also says that the person all too plainly loves himself who wishes to blind other people so that his own blindness may remain hidden. I am satisfied that what I say and write is true in me and in God. Whoever sees a staff thrust into water thinks the staff is crooked, although it is perfectly straight, and this comes from the fact that the water is denser than the air; yet the staff is straight in itself and not crooked, and also in the eye of one who sees it in the purity of the air alone.

Sant Augustînus sprichet: wer ân allerlei gedenke allerlei lîphaftikeit unt bilden inne bekennet, daz kein ûzer sehen in getragen hât, der weiz, daz ez wâr ist. Der aber des niht enweiz, der lachet unt spottet mîn unt ich erbarme mich über in. Aber soliche liute wellent schouwen unde bevinden êwigiu dinc unt götlîchiu werc unt in dem liehte stân der êwikeit unt ir herze fliuget noch in gestern unt in hiute, in zît unt in stat.

Senecâ ein heidenscher meister sprichet: von grôzen unt von hôhen dingen sol man mit grôzen unt mit hôhen sinnen sprechen unt mit erhabener sêlen. Ouch sol man sprechen, daz man soliche lêre niht sol sprechen noch schrîben ungelêrten. Dar zuo spriche ich: sol man niht lêren ungelêrte liute, sô wirt niemer nieman gelêrt, sô mac nieman lêren noch leben noch sterben; wan dar umbe lêret man die ungelêrten, daz sie werden von ungelêrten gelêrte. Wære niht niuwes, sô würde niht altes. Unser herre sprichet ‘die gesunt sint die bedürfent der arzenîe niht.’ Dar umbe ist der arzât, daz er die siechen gesunt mache. Ist aber denne ieman, der diz wort unreht nimt, waz mac des der mensche, der diz wort, daz reht ist, reht sprichet? Sant Johannes sprichet daz heilige êwangelium allen geloubigen unt ouch ungeloubigen, umbe daz sie geloubic werden, unt doch beginnet er daz êwangelium von dem hœhsten, daz kein mensche von gote hie gesprochen mac, unt ouch sint sîniu wort und ouch unsers herren wort dicke unreht vernomen. Der minneclîche milte got, der diu wârheit selber ist, der gebe mir unt allen den, die diz buoch süllent lesen, daz wir wârheit in uns gewar werden.

Saint Augustine says: whoever, without any thought of bodily things or images, inwardly knows what no outward seeing has conveyed to him, knows that it is true. But whoever does not know this laughs and mocks me, and I pity him. Yet such people wish to contemplate and perceive eternal things and divine works and to stand in the light of eternity, while their heart still flies about in yesterday and today, in time and in place.

A pagan master, Seneca, says: of great and lofty things one should speak with great and lofty understanding and with exalted souls. It will also be said that such teaching should not be spoken or written to the unlearned. To this I say: if one is not to teach unlearned people, no one will ever become learned, and no one can teach, live, or die; for one teaches the unlearned so that from being unlearned they may become learned. If there were nothing new, there would be nothing old. Our Lord says: ‘Those who are healthy do not need medicine.’ Therefore the physician exists so that he may make the sick healthy. But if there is someone who takes this word wrongly, what can the person do who speaks this word, which is right, rightly? Saint John speaks the holy Gospel to all believers and also to unbelievers, so that they may become believers, and yet he begins the Gospel with the highest thing that any person can speak here of God; and his words and also our Lord’s words have often been wrongly understood. May the loving, gracious God, who is truth itself, grant to me and to all who shall read this book that we may become aware of truth within ourselves.